ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the correlation between the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) score and the risk of developing acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients. MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital on consecutive cardiac surgery patients (e.g., valvular, ischemic and congenital heart diseases) between October 2010 and July 2011. ResultsOne hundred patients were assessed. Among the 100 patients, six were excluded, including five because of prior kidney disease or dialysis therapy and one because of incomplete medical records. The primary surgical indications were myocardial revascularization in 55 patients (58.5% of cases) and valve replacement in 28 patients (29.8%). According to the EuroSCORE, 55 patients were classified as high risk (58.5%), 27 patients as medium risk (28.7%) and 12 patients as low risk (12.8%). In the postoperative period, patients were classified with the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) score. Among the 31 patients (33%) who displayed an increase in serum creatinine, 18 patients (19.1%) were classified as RIFLE "R" (risk), seven patients (7.4%) were classified as RIFLE "I" (injury) and six patients (6.5%) were classified as RIFLE "F" (failure). Among the patients who were considered to be high risk according to the EuroSCORE criteria, 24 patients (43.6%) showed acute kidney injury. Among the patients who were classified as medium or low risk, acute kidney injury occurred in 18.5 and 16.6% of the cases, respectively. The correlations between risk stratification (low, medium and high) and the EuroSCORE and postoperative RIFLE scores were statistically significant (p=0.03). ConclusionIn the studied population, there was a statistically significant correlation between the EuroSCORE and the risk of developing acute kidney injury in the postoperative period after cardiac surgery.
RESUMO -A diferença artério-venosa de oxigênio (DAVO2), pelo fato de estar relacionada com o metabolismo cerebral, reflete alterações que ocorrem em determinadas situações patológicas, entre elas as causadas pela hemorragia subaracnóidea espontânea (HSAE). Com a finalidade de avaliar a relação entre alterações na DAVO2 com o quadro clínico e a evolução de pacientes com HSAE, devido à ruptura de aneurisma cerebral, este método foi utilizado em 30 pacientes portadores desta patologia, admitidos na Unidade de Neurocirurgia do HBDF. A HSAE foi confirmada por CT de crânio em 17 pacientes e por punção lombar em 13. Dezoito pacientes foram admitidos com Hunt & Hess (H&H) I ou II, sete com H&H III e cinco com H&H IV ou V. A medida da DAVO2 baseou-se na equação de Fick e os resultados clínicos foram avaliados pela escala de seqüelas de Glasgow. Dezenove pacientes apresentaram DAVO2 normais (inicialmente e durante a evolução), sendo que três faleceram; cinco tiveram valores de DAVO2 sempre baixos e três faleceram; os restantes seis pacientes tiveram valores da DAVO2 sempre elevados e dois faleceram. Os pacientes com DAVO2 normais tiveram melhor evolução clínica e índice de mortalidade menor, quando comparados com os pacientes com valores anormais da DAVO2 (p<0,05). O diagnóstico de vasoespasmo foi feito, em sua maioria, pela avaliação clínica, sendo confirmado radiologicamente em oito pacientes, mas estes últimos tiveram DAVO2 normais. A medida isolada da DAVO2 não foi suficiente para o diagnóstico do vasoespasmo, porém refletiu alterações metabólicas precoces. Baseada nestes resultados, a DAVO2 pode ser usada como parâmetro importante na monitorização da evolução dos pacientes com HSAE. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: hemorragia subaracnóidea espontânea, aneurisma cerebral, vasoespasmo cerebral, fluxo sanguíneo cerebral, diferença artério-venosa de oxigênio (DAV02). Measurement of arteriovenous oxygen difference in the monitoring of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to cerebral aneurysmABSTRACT -The arterious venous oxygen difference (AVDO2) due to the close relationship with cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and cerebral blood flow shows metabolic alterations that occur in some pathological situations in the brain including subarachnoid haemorrhage. The AVDO2 was calculated by the Fick equation and the results evaluated by the Glasgow outcome scale. Measurements of arteriojugular oxygen difference were carried out in 30 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to rupture of intracranial aneurysms, as an attempt to monitor the relationship between changes in AVDO2, clinical picture, and evolution of the patients. The subarachnoid haemorrhage was diagnosed by CT scan in 17 patients and by lumbar punction in 13 and the diagnosis of arterial vasospasm was carried out by clinical evaluation and confirmed by four vessels angiogram in only eight patients. Eighteen patients were admitted with Hunt & Hess (H&H) I/II, seven with H&H III and five with H&H IV/V. Nineteen patients had AVDO2 normal and this group had three deaths; five pa...
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