RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da benzocaína e do eugenol como anestésicos para juvenis de Trachinotus marginatus. Foram testadas concentrações de 25, 50, 75, 100 e 150ppm de benzocaína e de 25, 37,5, 50, 62,5 Palavras-chave: anestesia, manejo, piscicultura marinha,Trachinotus marginatus. (25, 50, 75, 100, and 150ppm) and eugenol (25, 37.5, 50, 62.5, and 75ppm) were tested. The trials were conducted in glass aquariums filled with 30l seawater (salinity 30‰ and temperature 19°C) ABSTRACT The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of benzocaine and eugenol as anesthetics for Trachinotus marginatus juveniles. Five concentrations of benzocaine
The effects of NaCl supplementation (0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0% dry weight of a basal diet) on growth, gill histological alterations and osmoregulation of juvenile cobia reared in low‐salinity water (5 g L−1) were assessed. At the end of the experiment, gills were sampled for Na+, K+‐ATPase activity determination and histological evaluation. In all treatments, no mortality was observed. Results showed that dietary NaCl supplementation did not alter growth. At the highest supplementations (7.5% and 10.0%), juvenile cobia showed higher feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Na+, K+‐ATPase activity was higher in fish fed the diet without salt supplementation than in those fed with NaCl‐supplemented diets. The number of chloride cells significantly increased with increasing dietary salt level, being 2.5‐fold higher in fish fed with 10.0% NaCl supplementation (41 cells mm−2) than in those from the non‐supplemented fed group (16 cells mm−2). These findings indicate that dietary salt supplementation stimulated chloride cell proliferation paralleled with a reduction in the gill Na+, K+‐ATPase activity, suggesting a possible decrease in energy consumption associated with osmoregulation. However, the suggested energy sparing did not have a significant impact on juvenile cobia growth.
Summary This study evaluated the effect of different doses of the antioxidant α‐lipoic acid (LA) administered by intraperitoneal injection on the detoxifying capacity (activity of glutathione‐S‐transferase, GST) and oxidative damage (lipids and proteins) in the pompano, Trachinotus marginatus. The plasma glucose levels showed that there were no differences between the treatments (P > 0.05). In the brain, GST activity was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fish injected with 40 mg LA kg−1 when compared with the control group. In the muscle, GST activity was not influenced by LA treatment (P > 0.05). In the liver, fish injected with 20 mg LA kg−1 showed higher GST activity than the control group (P < 0.05); however, higher doses (40 and 60 mg LA kg−1) led to a reduction of GST activity in the liver, which was comparable to that observed in the control group (P > 0.05). The two highest LA doses (40 and 60 mg kg−1) had opposite effects, depending on the tissue examined: LA was an antioxidant in the brain, reducing lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05), and a pro‐oxidant in the liver, augmenting oxidative lipid damage (P < 0.05). The latter effect was accompanied by an increase in the free iron concentration in the liver at higher LA doses. These results indicate the need to thoroughly evaluate the antioxidant effects on aquatic organisms, since at some doses and/or in some organs their beneficial effects can be lost.
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