We analysed ~310 records of river lampreys Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (~19 977 663 specimens) and 54 records of sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758 (~86 specimens) for the southern parts of ICES Subdivisions 22 and 24 to 26 in the Baltic Sea covering the period 1649 to 2005. Most sea lamprey records came from Subdivisions 22 and 24. The majority of river lamprey records stem from Subdivisions 24 and 26. We found no distinct temporal trend for sea lamprey stock development. However, a long-term trend showing decreasing catches of river lamprey was detected, indicating a stock decrease of this species from 1887 to 1999. The largest numbers of lamprey (largely river lamprey but may include some sea lamprey as species were not distinguished in the past) were caught in the period 1890 to 1919. Approximately 82% of the total lamprey catch in our study area was made in Subdivision 26. Roughly 65.3% of the mean annual yield of lampreys came from the lower Vistula River, the Vistula Lagoon and the Bay of Gdań sk. The river lamprey was mainly distributed in estuarine and coastal marine areas. Offshore records of sea lamprey were also rare. From 1990 to 2005, most river lamprey records and recorded individuals originated from the Szczecin Lagoon and its adjacent waters, demonstrating the present importance of these waters for their spawning migrations. Of 9 known river lamprey spawning sites, 5 were found in the Peene River system which flows into the Szczecin Lagoon. At present, no sea lamprey reproduction site is known from rivers of the German Baltic Sea area. A rebuilding programme is required for the river lamprey; this should definitely contain measures to restore lost spawning sites and the connectivities within the river systems where spawning populations still occur. Protected areas in estuarine waters with important lamprey migration routes may be an additional measure for the conservation of these anadromous species.

The status of twaite shad was investigated within the Southern Baltic Sea and transitional area between the Baltic and North Seas (division IIIa). The following sources of data were analysed: (i) commercial catch statistics and relevant publications, (ii) records from ichthyological museum collections, (iii) records from recent commercial and recreational fisheries, (iv) research fisheries with trawls. A total of 476 records of twaite shad including more than 16 million individuals were obtained for the time between the years 1836 and 2005. About 72.9% of all records originated from commercial catch statistics and publications, whereas 18.9% were received from ichthyological collections. Research fisheries provided 6.3%, and 1.9% of the records were obtained from recent commercial and recreational fisheries. Most records of twaite shad were estimated for subdivisions 24 (45.2%) and 26 (35.5%). From 1836 to 1959, 29.

The status of twaite shad was investigated within the Southern Baltic Sea and transitional area between the Baltic and North Seas (division IIIa). The following sources of data were analysed: (i) commercial catch statistics and relevant publications, (ii) records from ichthyological museum collections, (iii) records from recent commercial and recreational fisheries, (iv) research fisheries with trawls. A total of 476 records of twaite shad including more than 16 million individuals were obtained for the time between the years 1836 and 2005. About 72.9% of all records originated from commercial catch statistics and publications, whereas 18.9% were received from ichthyological collections. Research fisheries provided 6.3%, and 1.9% of the records were obtained from recent commercial and recreational fisheries. Most records of twaite shad were estimated for subdivisions 24 (45.2%) and 26 (35.5%). From 1836 to 1959, 29.