AIM Migraines in children younger than 7 years of age have received limited attention in the published literature. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of migraine phenotypes in children younger than 7 years, and to compare them with migraines in children older than 7 years of age.METHOD We reviewed all standard clinical files, collected over 4 years, related to children with a diagnosis of primary headache. We included all children younger than 7 years diagnosed with migraine in our study.RESULTS A total of 374 children (188 males, 186 females) were affected by migraine with/ without aura: 40 of these patients (10.7%; 20 males, 20 females; mean age 5y 7mo, SD 1y 2mo) where younger than 7 years old. The frequencies of the main migraine features in the younger age group were similar to those of children older than 7 years, with the exception of a shorter duration of migraine and reduced frequency of attacks.
Introduction Sars-CoV-2 is a single-strained RNA virus belonging to Coronaviridae’s family. In pediatric age, the majority of patients is asymptomatic; however, several neurological manifestations associated with Sars-CoV-2 infection have been detected in a percentage of cases ranging from 17.3 to 36.4%. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) has been recently included among the potential complications of Sars-Cov2 infection. The available data regarding pediatric patient show only one case. Case report We present a case regarding a 6-year-old patient suffering from Fisher-Evans syndrome who was given sirolimus and thalidomide therapy. After 10 days since the first positive nasopharyngeal swab for Sars-CoV-2, in which he had no symptoms, he presented an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure with spontaneous resolution. The patient underwent MRI which showed the typical picture of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. His clinical course was favorable, with a good response to cortisone therapy and a progressive improvement of the neuroradiological and electroencephalographic picture. Conclusions According to our knowledge, this is the second case of an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a pediatric patient, characterized by monosymptomatic onset, in which the immunosuppressive therapy practiced for the Fisher-Evans syndrome has probably contributed to a favorable evolution of ADEM, in contrast to other case described in the literature.
Background and aimsSARS-CoV-2 is a single-strained RNA virus belonging to Corona viridae's family. In paediatric age the majority of patients are asymptomatic, however several neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been detected in a percentage of cases ranging from 17.3% to 36.4%. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) has been recently included among the potential complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The available data regarding paediatric patient show only one case. MethodsCase report: We present a case regarding a six-year-old child suffering from Fisher Evans Syndrome treated with Sirolimus and Thalidomide therapy and affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. ResultsCase report: We present a case regarding a six-year-old patient suffering from Fisher Evans Syndrome who was given Sirolimus and Thalidomide therapy. After ten days since the first positive nasopharyngeal swab for Sars-CoV-2, in which he had no symptoms, he presented an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure with spontaneous resolution. The patient underwent MRI which showed the typical picture of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. His clinical course was favourable, with a good response to cortisone therapy and a progressive improvement of the neuroradiological and electroencephalographic picture. ConclusionsAccording to our knowledge, this is the second case of an Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a paediatric patient, characterized by monosymptomatic onset, in which the immunosuppressive therapy practiced for the Fisher Evans Syndrome has probably contributed to a favourable evolution of ADEM, in contrast to other case described in the literature.
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