The objective was to identify the gastrointestinal parasites of wild animals received by the Center for Screening of Wild Animals from São Luis, Maranhão State, Brazil. The fecal samples were collected from 297 animals, of which 150 (50.5%) were birds, 132 (44.5%) mammals and 15 (5%) reptiles. A total of 262 samples (227 individual and 35 pools) were analyzed by the method of sedimentation and flotation, 102 animals were parasitized by helminthes and/or protozoa, 39 of which belonged to the order Primate, 18 to the Carnivorous order and 12 to the Psittaciformes order. The mammals had the greatest diversity of eggs of gastrointestinal parasites: Strongyloides sp., hookworm type, Spirometra sp., Ascaris sp., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria sp., Strongyloidea, Ancylostomidae , taenid and oocysts of coccidian. In the samples of birds were diagnosed eggs of the genera Dispharynx, Ascaridia, Echinostoma and oocyst of coccidian. In the reptiles, the number of gastrointestinal parasites was low, being identified oocyst of coccidian in three jiboia (Boa constrictor) and Capillaria sp. in an iguana (Iguana iguana). It was concluded that wild animals act as hosts for various species of parasites and to establish the dynamics and parasitic fauna of these animals at the screening center is an excellent alternative for studies ex situ. RESUMOObjetivou-se identificar os parasitos gastrintestinais de animais silvestres recepcionados pelo Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de São Luís, Maranhão. As amostras fecais foram coletadas entre agosto de 2006 a julho de 2008, totalizando 297 animais, dos quais 150 (50,5%) foram aves, 132 (44,5%) mamíferos e 15 (5%) répteis. Do total de 262 amostras (227 individuais e 35 pools) analisadas pelo método de sedimentação simples e flutuação, 102 animais estavam parasitados por helmintos e/ou protozoários, sendo que, 39 pertenciam à ordem Primata, 18 à Carnívora e 12 à Psittaciforme. Os mamíferos apresentaram a maior diversidade de ovos de parasitos gastrintestinais, como Strongyloides sp., ancilostomídeo, Spirometra sp., Ascaris sp., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria sp., Strongyloidea, Ancilostomídeo e tenideos, além de oocistos de coccídios. Em amostras de aves identificaram-se ovos dos gêneros Dispharynx, Ascaridia, Echinostoma, e também de oocistos de coccídeos. Nos répteis, o número de parasitos gastrintestinais foi baixo, sendo identificados oocisto de coccídeo em três jiboias (Boa constrictor) e Capillaria sp. em uma iguana (Iguana iguana). Concluiu-se que animais silvestres atuam como hospedeiros para diversas espécies de parasitos, e estabelecer a riqueza e a dinâmica da fauna parasitária desses animais nos centros de triagem é uma excelente alternativa para a realização de estudos ex situ.
Estudos sobre parasitos gastrintestinais de primatas não-humanos em situação de cativeiro são importantes na rotina clínica de animais silvestres para o manejo sanitário das colônias e para evitar a disseminação de parasitos entre tratadores e animais, pois muitos destes parasitos são causadores de zoonoses. Neste contexto, objetivou-se identificar por exames coproparasitológicos instares parasitários gastrintestinais em amostras fecais de primatas neotropicais no Criadouro Conservacionista Ararajuba do Ipê, Estado do Maranhão, Brasil e identificar qual tipo de recinto (gaiola suspensa ou recinto com piso de terra) os animais se apresentaram mais parasitados. Foram analisadas 20 amostras fecais de primatas neotropicais, sendo 18 em pools e duas amostras individuais (P. monachus e S. apella), uma coleta no período seco e outra no chuvoso. Totalizando 69 primatas neotropicais de 12 espécies diferentes sob estudo. As técnicas utilizadas foram de sedimentação espontânea e flutuação e observados em microscopia de luz. Foram identificados ovos de Hymenolepidiidae, Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp., Protospirura spp., Ascaris spp., Ancylostomatidae e oocistos de coccídeos. As gaiolas, em sua maioria, eram suspensas (0,5 m do solo) e estas não permitiam o acúmulo de fezes. Os resultados demonstram uma diversidade de parasitos gastrintestinais em primatas neotropicais em situação de cativeiro. Os parasitos mais comumente encontrados no estudo tem caráter zoonótico, sendo importante reforçar os cuidados durante o manuseio de amostras fecais e da terra dos recintos de primatas neotropicais.
Background Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a genetic cause of ischemic stroke and the most common form of non-atherosclerotic stroke. Despite being the most prevalent vascular hereditary disease, clinical data regarding the Brazilian population are scarce. Considering that the Brazilian population has one of the most heterogeneous genetic constitutions in the world, knowledge about genetic and epidemiological profiles is mandatory. The present study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological and clinical features of CADASIL in Brazil. Methods We performed a case series study comprising 6 rehabilitation hospitals in Brazil and reported the clinical and epidemiological data from the medical records of patients admitted from 2002 to 2019 with genetic confirmation. Results We enrolled 26 (16 female) patients in whom mutations in exons 4 and 19 were the most common. The mean age at the onset of the disease was of 45 years. Ischemic stroke was the first cardinal symptom in 19 patients. Cognitive impairment, dementia, and psychiatric manifestations were detected in 17, 6, and 16 patients respectively. In total, 8 patients had recurrent migraines, with aura in 6 (75%) of them. White matter hyperintensities in the temporal lobe and the external capsule were found in 20 (91%) and 15 patients (68%) respectively. The median Fazekas score was of 2. Lacunar infarcts, microbleeds, and larger hemorrhages were observed in 18 (82%), 9, and 2 patients respectively. Conclusion The present is the most extensive series of Brazilian CADASIL patients published to date, and we have reported the first case of microbleeds in the spinal cord of a CADASIL patient. Most of our clinical and epidemiological data are in accordance with European cohorts, except for microbleeds and hemorrhagic strokes, for which rates fall in between those of European and Asian cohorts.
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