The essential oils of seven aromatic plants from central west argentina were isolated by steam distillation and analyzed by a gas chromatography mass spectrometry technique. The oils were screened for cytotoxicity and In Vitro inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) and Junin virus (JUNV). The oils showed a variable virucidal action according to the virus. JUNV was the least susceptible virus in comparison with HSV-1 and DENV-2. The better relationship between cytotoxicity and inhibitory activity was observed for the essential oil of Lantana grisebachiii (Seckt.) var. grisebachii against DENV-2 and HSV-1 with IC50 (inhibitory concentration 50%) values of 21.1 and 26.1 ppm, respectively. This effect was specific since the selectivity indices (ratio cytotoxicity/virucidal activity) were > 23.7 and > 19.1 for DENV-2 and HSV-1, respectively. Furthermore, the oil from L. grisebachii was also an effective inhibitor of HSV-2 and acyclovir resistant variants of herpes virus. This study demonstrates the effective and selective inhibitory activity of the essential oil from Lantana grisebachii against HSV and DENV by direct virus inactivation.
The essential oil of aerial parts of Artemisia mendozana (vulgar name: "ajenjo") was analyzed by GC and GC-MS and their antibacterial activity has been investigated towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant) strains. Thirty six components were identified, representing 92.8 % of the essential oil. The major compounds were camphor (22.4 %), artemiseole (11.1 %), artemisia alcohol (10.8 %) and borneol (7.2 %). The in vitro antimicrobial activity was studied by the micro dilution method, against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-sensitive ATCC 29213 and Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant ATCC 43300. Standard antibiotic Cefotaxime Argentia were used. A strongest activity was observed for the essential oil against all bacteria assayed.
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