The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of investment activity in the communes in Poland. The commune is a basic unit of local government in Poland, and rural and urban-rural communes constitute the vast majority of municipalities. Communes in their own name and on their own account carry out public tasks that cover all tasks of local interest, including technical and environmental infrastructure. Despite many researches on the efficiency of communes, there are no studies on selected activities as well as on rural areas only. The nonparametric method of technical efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used in the study. The inputs and the effects of investment activity of rural and urban-rural communes in 2007-2013 were compared. This period was related to the duration of EU support programs. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Local Data Bank which is Poland's largest database of the economy, society and the environment. The ranking of investment activity for communes were made based of the calculated average for indicators of efficiency. The studies conducted show that the amount of expenditure incurred on the studied spheres of investment activity of the analyzed communes does not translate into their efficiency. This is connected with the possibility of obtaining additional funds from EU. Information on the use of EU funds for financing the municipal investments were not included in the study due to lack of data before 2010. Among the analyzed rural and urban-rural communes the most efficient ones were located in the Mazowieckie, Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships, although they were not fully efficient throughout the considered period. Due to its closeness to the capital, the municipality of Mazowieckie voivodeship belongs to an area with a high degree of urbanization. Communes from the Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships belong to regions characterized by a high share of rural areas. The dynamic development of infrastructure is extremely important in terms of divergence between regions of the country.
Purpose: This paper aimed at evaluating changes in agricultural productivity in the group of new (NMS) and old (OMS) member states of the European Union. Design/Methodology/Approach: The analysis covered the years 2007-2016. The calculations made use of unit data from farms participating in FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network). Surveys were carried out based on the Malmquist productivity index and partial indicators of land, workforce and capital productivity. Findings: The outcome pointed to increased total productivity of agriculture in NMS (9.5%), resulting from positive technological changes and improvement in technical efficiency. A small decrease in productivity was noted in a group of EU-15 countries, which was due to a decrease in technical efficiency. Despite the growth in total productivity, the value of partial productivity indicators in NMS remained at a much lower level than in OMS. Practical Implications: Identification of the determinants of growth in agricultural productivity is the precondition to make up differences occurring between member states in this respect. Originality/Value: This study contributes to reference literature concerning productivity of agriculture for a number of reasons. First, the scope of the survey is extensive, as it covers a group of 27 EU member states split into new and old members. The second aspect of the survey is taking into account both changes in total factor productivity and in productivity of respective production factors. Thirdly, the Malmquist index adopted for the needs of the survey made it possible to identify the sources of change in total factor productivity.
The aim of the study was to assess the efficiency of investment activity in the communes of Lubelskie province compared to the others in Poland. The inputs and effects of investment activity of rural and urban-rural communes in 2011-2014 were compared. The study used a nonparametric method of technical efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The ranking of investment activity for communes were made based of the calculated average for indicators of efficiency. First place received two provinces: Lubelskie and Mazowieckie. Rural and urban-rural communes of this provinces were fully effective throughout the considered period. They represent a model of efficient use of resources for investment activity.
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