ObjectiveTo assess the number of children born with microcephaly in the State of Paraíba, north-east Brazil.MethodsWe contacted 21 maternity centres belonging to a paediatric cardiology network, with access to information regarding more than 100 000 neonates born between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2015. For 10% of these neonates, nurses were requested to retrieve head circumference measurements data from delivery-room books. We used three separate criteria to classify whether a neonate had microcephaly: (i) the Brazilian Ministry of Health proposed criterion: term neonates (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks) with a head circumference of less than 32 cm; (ii) Fenton curves: neonates with a head circumference of less than −3 standard deviation for age and gender; or (iii) the proportionality criterion: neonates with a head circumference of less than ((height/2))+10) ± 2.FindingsBetween 1 and 31 December 2015, nurses obtained data for 16 208 neonates. Depending on which criterion we used, the number of neonates with microcephaly varied from 678 to 1272 (4.2–8.2%). Two per cent (316) of the neonates fulfilled all three criteria. We observed temporal fluctuations of microcephaly prevalence from late 2012.ConclusionThe numbers of microcephaly reported here are much higher than the 6.4 per 10 000 live births reported by the Brazilian live birth information system. The results raise questions about the notification system, the appropriateness of the diagnostic criteria and future implications for the affected children and their families. More studies are needed to understand the epidemiology and the implications for the Brazilian health system.

ProblemProviding health care for children with congenital heart diseases remains a major challenge in low- and middle-income countries.ApproachIn October 2011, the Government of Paraíba, Brazil, established a paediatric cardiology network in partnership with the nongovernmental organization Círculo do Coração. A cardiology team supervised all network activities, using the Internet to keep in contact with remote health facilities. The network developed protocols for screening heart defects. Echocardiograms were performed by physicians under direct online supervision of a cardiologist; alternatively, a video recording of the examination was subsequently reviewed by a cardiologist. Cardiovascular surgeons came to a paediatric hospital in the state capital once a week to perform heart surgeries.Local settingUntil 2011, the State of Paraíba had no structured programme to care for children with heart disease. This often resulted in missed or late diagnosis, with adverse health consequences for the children.Relevant changesFrom 2012 to 2014, 73 751 babies were screened for heart defects and 857 abnormalities were identified. Detection of congenital heart diseases increased from 4.09 to 11.62 per 1000 live births (P < 0.001). Over 6000 consultations and echocardiograms were supervised via the Internet. Time to diagnosis, transfers and hospital stays were greatly reduced. A total of 330 operations were carried out with 6.7% (22/330) mortality.Lessons learntAccess to an echocardiography machine with remote supervision by a cardiologist improves the detection of congenital heart disease by neonatologists; virtual outpatient clinics facilitate clinical management; the use of Internet technology with simple screening techniques allows resources to be allocated more efficiently.

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Introduction:Violence against women is motivated by domination in power relations, including male over female violence, defined as violent action that can cause physical, sexual or mental injury or suffering, as well as intimidation, deprivation of rights to freedom or coercion carried out inside and outside the home. This aggravation has been growing more and more throughout the world, and deserves to be discussed and combated in the scope of public policies.Objective: To analyse the spatial distribution of domestic violence against women in the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Methods:It is a quantitative cross-sectional study of the census type that analysed all the reported cases of domestic violence against women resident in the municipality, the study scenario, in the year 2017. The data source was of the secondary type, in the two Specialized Police Offices for Women's Affairs -DEAM, present in the municipality. Results:We observed spatial patterns of domestic violence against women, as well as agglomerations throughout the capital, from the most affluent exclusive neighbourhoods to those living on the margins of society, proving that this violence has no class distinction. Conclusion:The study reached the proposed goal by analysing the spatial distribution of domestic violence in the research scenario based on spatial patterns.

Introduction. Congenital heart diseases (CHD) affect approximately 1% of live births and is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite that, there is a shortage of paediatric cardiologists in Brazil, mainly in the northern and northeastern regions. In this context, the implementation of virtual outpatient clinics with the aid of different telemedicine resources may help in the care of children with heart defects. Methods. Patients under 18 years of age treated in virtual outpatient clinics between January 2013 and May 2014 were selected. They were divided into 2 groups: those who had and those who had not undergone a screening process for CHD in the neonatal period. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected for further statistical analysis. Results. A total of 653 children and teenagers were treated in the virtual outpatient clinics. From these, 229 had undergone a neonatal screening process. Fewer abnormalities were observed on the physical examination of the screened patients. Conclusion. The implementation of pediatric cardiology virtual outpatient clinics can have a positive impact in the care provided to people in areas with lack of skilled professionals.

The implementation of a screening process model for congenital heart diseases can change the context of patients with congenital heart diseases in poor regions.

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Literatura da UFSC. O título aqui presente é referência, claro, ao poema de Ana Cristina Cesar "16 de junho", mas também a tese de minha orientadora, que cito neste artigo. Os olhos vermelhos ficam por conta de um dos livros da trilogia de Chacal, intitulado exatamente "Olhos Vermelhos".