This paper presents a study of wide area agents based on communication for primary and backup coordinated protection. Agents are used to give each protection component control capacity as well as the ability to communicate with other agents. We feel that this method naturally points towards a new philosophy for primary and backup protection. Simulations are used to illustrate concepts, using a simulation engine named EPOCHS that combines the EMTDClPSCAD power simulator with the NS2 network communications simulator. Results illustrate the improved performance of our protection scheme, In this new protection system, agents were embedded in each of the conventional protection components to construct an IED relay (Intelligent Electronic Device). The agent searches for relevant information by communicating with other agents, Agent communications can take place at the same substation or at remote substations. This information can be used to detect primary and remote faults, relay misoperation, breaker failures, and to compensate such problems with much better performance than that can be done in traditional schemes. Preliminary results give us hope that the proposed protection scheme may be able to contribute towards the mitigation of wide-area disturbances and the power blackouts that frequently follow them.
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This paper presents the development of a software based on an artificial multi-layer neural network for fault classification in a transmission line. A 100 km, 400 KV transmission line was simulated through TEER in order to generate a data base. Every type of fault (AT, BT, CT, AB, BC, AC, ABT, BCT, ACT, ABC) was simulated with its possible variations (fault inception angle, fault distance and fault resistance). Very promising results were achieved showing the high accuracy of this method when compared to traditional ones.
Este artigo discute o uso de agentes para a adaptação de ajustes de relés de distância para linhas com três terminais. Agentes são processos baseados em softwares capazes de buscar informações em redes de comunicação, interagindo com equipamentos e realizando tarefas em seu favor (neste caso os próprios relés). Resultados ilustrando o desempenho do método adaptativo proposto, e os comparando com métodos convencionais, são apresentados. É mostrado que os relés digitais em conjunto com sistemas agentes, agindo dentro de um sistema de comunicação, podem alterar os ajustes adaptativos e assim assegurar o correto funcionamento do sistema de proteção sobre uma larga variedade de condições de operação. O esquema proposto para proteção adaptativa também pode ser utilizado para a transferência de abertura de disjuntor através da rede dedicada para proteção de primeira zona ao longo da extensão total da linha. This paper discusses the adaptation of the settings of distance relays for three-terminal lines employing agents. Agents are software processes capable of searching for information in networks, interacting with pieces of equipment and performing tasks on behalf of their owners (relays). Results illustrating the performance of the adaptive method proposed, compared to conventional fixed settings, are presented. It is shown that the digital relays and agents acting within a communication structure can alter adaptive settings to ensure correct performance over a wide variety of operation conditions. The proposed relaying scheme can also be utilized for transferring the trip of the first zone, clearing over the entire line
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