This paper presents results from experimental studies that assess the utilization of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VR, AR, MR) at different stages of developing personalized 3D printed upper limb prostheses for adult patients. The prostheses are designed automatically using the AutoMedPrint system, leveraging 3D scans as described in various prior publications. Various stages of development of the prosthesis are made as applications of different extended reality technologies. An assembly instruction is implemented as an immersive VR application, a configurator is designed as AR application and a configurator and try-on application is prepared and deployed in MR. The applications are tested by an international group of experts during a scheduled experiment. The experts then participate to surveys and comparatively evaluate the potential of all the XR technologies. The paper presents the development of these applications, provides a detailed account of the experimental process, including the rankings of XR technologies for different applications throughout the lifecycle of a prosthetic device.
The algorithm principle is presented based on a geometry optimization of aeroelastic energy harvester. Efficiency of this class of devices highly depends on oscillation amplitude caused by dynamic instability of the system, which is related to its geometry. Optimization was performed using a genetic algorithm (GA) that processes data from CFD calculations. This algorithm generated a random population of twenty-arm geometrical figures. Each geometry was subjected to a numerical experiment during which its movement in a fluid-filled channel were simulated and resultant force acting on body was calculated. The calculations were repeated for angular orientation of the object varying from 0 to 180 degrees, at 5 degrees step, in order to obtain a complete characteristic of aerodynamical forces acting on body related to its angular orientation. For each of the obtained functions, satisfaction of Den Hartog’s criterion is examined, which is the basis for geometry evaluation. In order to accelerate the calculations, classical GA has been modified by substituting random crossover process by operation determined by chaotic process — in this case, a logistic map. The numerical calculations was carried by Method of Fundamental Solutions.
The paper involve testing of various engine oils – synthetic and semi – synthetic – in terms of viscosity change at different temperatures and the degree of wear. New and used oils were compared. This is an important issue for determining the reliability of motor vehicles, anticipated repairs and maintenance. As a result of the process of exploitation, engine oils are subjected to physicochemical changes. The impact on the deterioration in the condition of the lubricating liquid have, among others high pressure, temperature, pollution or oil oxidation. Therefore, it is necessary to change the engine oil after the mileage recommended by the producer . However, these recommendations may not be adequate for the actual consumption of liquids, which is determined by the technical condition of the engine and the course of the operation process. Determining the optimal replacement time is an important issue due to the reduction of operating costs and reduction of emissions of environmentally harmful exhaust. For this purpose, the viscosity depending on the temperature of different oils with various degrees of wear, tear, and obsolescence were measured. Characteristic points were determined and a mathematical model describing these changes was created. It was noticed that the greatest changes in viscosity occur at a temperature of 0 °C to 40 °C, whereas from 40 °C the viscosity changes appear in a smaller range for all oils and the viscosity was below 100 mPa·s. Results of comparing the new and used oil was evaluation of the change of their lubricating properties. The aim of this paper was to conduct viscosity tests of selected engine oils using a rotational viscometer in order to check the degree of engine oil consumption due to the degree of exploitation.
Nowadays, the bike is so common and popular that with the development of technology, man began to create all kinds of facilities for this mode of transport. On the market you can find various modifications and special-purpose accessories created for the bike. One of these amenities are special parking spaces for bicycles. They were created in order to facilitate its detention by people who do not have such a possibility in homes or to provide a specially adapted place to temporarily leave it during the day. The paper presents a proposal for the construction of an automated bicycle parking based on the geometry of the circle.
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