Europe is a multilingual society, in which dozens of languages are spoken. The only op tion to enable and to benefit from multilingual ism is through Language Technologies (LT), i. e., Natural Language Processing and Speech Technologies. We describe the European Lan guage Grid (ELG), which is targeted to evolve into the primary platform and marketplace for LT in Europe by providing one umbrella plat form for the European LT landscape, includ ing research and industry, enabling all stake holders to upload, share and distribute their ser vices, products and resources. At the end of our EU project, which will establish a legal en tity in 2022, the ELG will provide access to ap prox. 1300 services for all European languages as well as thousands of data sets.
Measuring congruence between two texts has several useful applications, such as detecting the prevalent deceptive and misleading news headlines on the web. Many works have proposed machine learning based solutions such as text similarity between the headline and body text to detect the incongruence. Text similarity based methods fail to perform well due to different inherent challenges such as relative length mismatch between the news headline and its body content and non-overlapping vocabulary. On the other hand, more recent works that use headline guided attention to learn a headline derived contextual representation of the news body also result in convoluting overall representation due to the news body's lengthiness. This paper proposes a method that uses inter-mutual attention-based semantic matching between the original and synthetically generated headlines, which utilizes the difference between all pairs of word embeddings of words involved. The paper also investigates two more variations of our method, which use concatenation and dot-products of word embeddings of the words of original and synthetic headlines. We observe that the proposed method outperforms prior-arts significantly for two publicly available datasets.
The European Language Grid (ELG) is a cloud-based platform, utilising a variety of software packages as well as infrastructure components and virtual hardware. The additional software components developed by the ELG project are usually provided as open source to facilitate re-use by third parties. This chapter provides an overview of the infrastructural setup used by the ELG cloud platform. The selected architecture also has implications for providers as well as users of the platform, e. g., in terms of the scaling behaviour of individual Language Technology (LT) services.
This chapter describes the European Language Grid cloud platform from the point of view of a consumer who wishes to access language resources or make use of language technology tools and services. Three aspects are discussed: 1. the webbased user interface (UI) for casual and non-technical users, 2. the underlying REST APIs that drive the UI but can also be called directly by third parties to integrate ELG functionality in their own tools, and 3. the Python Software Development Kit (SDK) that we have developed to simplify access to these APIs from Python code. The chapter concludes with a preview of the upcoming payment module that will enable the sale of commercial LT services and resources through ELG, and a discussion of how ELG compares and relates to other similar platforms and initiatives.
The European Language Grid is meant to develop into the primary platform of the European Language Technology community. In addition to LT tools and services (Chapter 7) and Language Resources (Chapter 8), ELG represents the actual members of this community, i. e., the companies and research organisations that develop language technologies and that are engaged in related activities. The goal of becoming the primary platform for LT in Europe implies that ELG should ideally represent all European companies and all European research organisations with corresponding metadata records in the ELG catalogue, which are interlinked with the respective LT tools and services as well as language resources they offer. This chapter describes the European stakeholders and user groups that are relevant for the ELG initiative, the composition of the community and the locations of the companies and research groups as currently listed in ELG. Furthermore, we describe a number of technical and organisational challenges involved in the preparation of our list of stakeholders, and outline the process of catalogue population.
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