This study aims to apply the technology assessment (TA) model on e-banking perceptions in the context of Malaysia, which involves aspects of supply and demand, and increasing the cashless concept in the country. A sample of 470 respondents were randomly selected from high density state capitals and major cities, through the convenience sampling method. Respondents were requested to complete a questionnaire developed from the basic model by forming UTAUT constructs, including quality, skills, transaction costs, user satisfaction, role of service providers (banks), and the influence of environment. Based on the results obtained, the model suggests that transaction costs, as direct costs by service providers, have a significant impact on the overall assessment of the performance of retail e-banking. Data analysis was performed using structured equation modeling (SEM), with the use of AMOS V22 as a method of trajectory analysis. Keywords: technology, SEM, performance, e-banking
The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the public education expenditure in Malaysia during the period of 35 years from 1982 to 2016. This study intends to address the existing research gaps within Malaysia context that failed to receive much attention in the past. The determinants of education expenditure will be modeled using time series data within the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) Bound Testing approach and Error Correction Model (ECM) method. The empirical findings from this study identified the real gross domestic product growth rate (GDP), unemployment rate (UNEM), inflation rate (INF) and working age population (POP2) as the long run determinants of public education expenditure. Findings from the ARDL Bound Testing result further supported the Keynesian Counter-Cyclical theory as implied by the negative relationship between economic growth and public education expenditure in the long run. The short run analysis through ECM demonstrated that fluctuations in education expenditure was sensitive to the real gross domestic product growth rate (D(GDP)), unemployment rate (D(UNEM)), population of age less than 15 (D(LNPOP1)), and population of age greater than 64 (D(LNPOP3)). This study further recommends that the policy makers to play the role in responding to the economic conditions and demands of the society in their decision-making of the future allocation.
The Malaysian plantation industry is an integral part of the agricultural sector. Cocoa and rubber products' trade is very important to the Malaysian economy and the global agricultural industry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between cocoa, rubber and economic growth in Malaysia. To examine this linkage, we use time series from 1972 to 2016. Based upon the results we examined for both the short-run and long-run by employing Johansen co-integration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). These findings showed that the cocoa and rubber had an impact on the GDP for long run relationship.
BIMP-EAGA, which stands for Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA), is Asia’s largest regional grouping. One of the main purposes of setting up BIMP-EAGA is to address the socio-economic development of the less developed and marginalized areas of the four member countries. Thus, it is important to develop a poverty monitoring system for the region and thereafter, determine the progress in poverty eradication programmes. However, prior to the development of a poverty monitoring system, the definition of poverty for this region has to be identified and standardized for the four countries. This exploratory study will be based on qualitative research methodology given that there has not been any prior study on poverty monitoring for the BIMP-EAGA region. From a total of 11 focus areas, 7 focus areas have been selected for this study. Areas selected are Brunei Darussalam, Sulawesi and Kalimantan (Indonesia), Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), and Mindanao and Palawan (Philippines). The results for incidence of poverty for the selected areas in Malaysia (between 5.3% and 19.7% in 2009) and Indonesia (between 10.1% and 17.9% in 2007) show significant improvement since 2004. The results for Philippine range between 37.6% and 40.8% in 2006. All available data on Brunei Darussalam show none of its citizens are living in poverty.Â
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