Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0268416009007188 How to cite this article: ILJA VAN DAMME and REINOUD VERMOESEN (2009). Second-hand consumption as a way of life: public auctions in the surroundings of Alost in the late eighteenth century. Continuity and Change, 24, pp 275-305
Middelaars en commercialisering van de vroegmoderne rurale economie in de regio Aalst 1650-1800 Flemish farmers. Go-betweens and the commercialization process of the early modern rural economy. The Alost region 1650-1800 Although there is very little discussion on the fact that early modern Flemish peasants were commercially active, their specific relation towards 'the market' remains vague. By scrutinizing the household economy of hundreds of families in the surroundings of a small Flemish town, I detected the crucial position of a limited number of rural go-betweens (farmers), who controlled agrarian and industrial in-and output circuits. They acted as brokers between townsmen and peasants and were the real 'cocqs du village' in this early modern peasant economy. Pachters, peasants en markt Hoe participeerden rurale huishoudens in de expanderende markteconomie van de zeventiende en achttiende eeuw? De aanwezigheid van deze huishoudens op de arbeids-, kapitaal-, grond-, goederen-en dienstenmarkten is een cruciale factor in het transitiedebat. Hierin bediscussiëren historici de overgang van een feodale samenleving naar een kapitalistische maatschappij. 1 Decennialang onderzoek naar de huishoudeconomie en de regionale agrarische structuur resulteert dan ook in een meer afgelijnde afbakening van de rurale marktbetrokkenheid. Streken waarin grote pachtbedrijven domineerden, kenden een overwegend marktgerichte economische structuur. 2 Area (late Middle Ages-19th century), Corn publications series. Comparative rural history of the North Sea area 5 (Turnhout 2004) 47-66. 3. E. Thoen, 'Transitie en economische ontwikkeling in de Nederlanden met de nadruk op de agrarische maatschappij', Tijdschrift voor sociale geschiedenis, 28 (2002) 147-174 en E. Thoen, 'A "commercial survival economy" in evolution. The Flemish countryside and the transition to capitalism (Middle Ages-19th century)', in: Hoppenbrouwers en Van Zanden, Peasants into farmers?, 102-157. 4. T. Lambrecht, Een grote hoeve in een klein dorp. Relaties van arbeid en pacht op het Vlaamse platteland in de 18de eeuw, Belgisch centrum voor landelijke geschiedenis 122, Historische economie en ecologie (Gent 2002). 5. Thoen, 'Transitie en economische ontwikkeling', 156.
Farming urbanites or urbanized farmers? A tentative study on urban farming in early modern AntwerpThis contribution sheds light on the importance of the production and retailing of local food by townsmen. Recent studies on food and the city have neglected this aspect of early modern food provisioning.By looking at individual households and the corporation of the gardeners’ guild, this article glimpses the strategies of urban market gardeners. At first sight, urban farming could be considered a rather marginal phenomenon. Eighteenth-century records mention only a few farmers within the city walls, but this study suggests a more widespread phenomenon. Members of the gardeners’ guild had a retail function rather than a role in the production of food. Guild members living within the walls were particularly active in retailing. Those who lived outside the walls were mostly producers. The gardeners’ guild organized and controlled the influx of food, mostly fruit, vegetables, and to a lesser extent grain, but by no means had a monopoly on local food production.Urban farming, however, was not limited to the gardeners’ guild. Probate inventories show a broad variety of households active in agriculture, without being members of the guild. Future research has to tackle this phenomenon in a comparative analysis.
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One of the great interpretive arcs of history as an academic discipline is the opposition between pre-modern and modern societies. Stimulated by post-modern theory, historians have done much in the past decades to expunge the ideological baggage of history as a ‘great march of civilization’, but they continue to imagine the industrial revolution as a great hinge between two distinct epochs. For all its merits, this perspective also creates problems. Burdened by hindsight, medievalists and modernists are often inclined to understand a case-study as either a prefiguration of a nineteenth- or twentieth-century development, or as its foil. Some of the most important publications on the history of medieval European towns published in 2019 were about destroying such assumptions.
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