<H4>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</H4>
<P>To determine whether combined 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and low-molecular–weight heparin (LMWH) could improve the outcome of vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil for the management of complicated retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade C.</P>
<H4>PATIENTS AND METHODS</H4>
<P>In an interventional, controlled, nonrandomized clinical trial, 33 eyes with complicated retinal detachment and PVR underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil and perioperative infusion of 5-FU and LMWH (study group) and 31 eyes underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil without adjunctive medication (control group).</P>
<H4>RESULTS</H4>
<P>In the study group, 24 eyes (72.7%) had the retina attached and 9 had a retinal redetachment (27.3%) at 6 months. In the control group, 25 eyes (80.6%) had the retina attached and 6 eyes (19.4%) had a retinal redetachment at 6 months (chi-square: 0.53, <I>P</I> > .05). One-year postoperative data were available for 17 eyes in the study group and 19 eyes in the control group. Four eyes in each group (23.5% and 21%, respectively) developed retinal redetachment (chi-square: 0.03, <I>P</I> > .05).</P>
<H4>CONCLUSIONS</H4>
<P>Combined 5-FU and LMWH does not seem to improve the outcome of vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil for the management of complicated retinal detachment with PVR grade C.</P>
<P>[<CITE>Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging</CITE> 2007;38:276-282.]</P>
<H4>AUTHORS</H4>
<P>From the Retina and Vitreous Service, Clinica Oftalmológica Centro
Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela.</P>
<P>Accepted for publication October 20, 2006.</P>
<P>Presented in part at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual
Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, October 15-18, 2005.</P>
<P>Supported in part by the Arevalo-Coutinho Foundation for Research in
Ophthalmology (FACO), Caracas, Venezuela.</P>
<P>Address correspondence to J. Fernando Arevalo, MD, FACS, Clinica
Oftalmológica Centro Caracas, Edif. Centro Caracas PH-1, Av. Panteón, San
Bernardino, Caracas 1010, Venezuela.</P>