Introduction: Suicide has been ranked among the top ten major causes of death worldwide. Self-poisoning throughout all ages is listed as one of the principal causes of unnatural deaths. Aim: Analysis of the pattern of suicidal self-poisoning cases with emphasis on its relationship with personality traits among admitted cases to Menoufia Poisoning Control Center (MPCC). Method: This was a cross-sectional, prospective study conducted on 1069 cases of suicidal self-poisoned cases attended to MPCC in one year. Data were collected including sociodemographic criteria, type of poison used, the severity of cases according to poisoning severity score, reasons for committing suicide, and the outcome. A personality questionnaire was fulfilled, which consisted of five personality traits: Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, and Conscientiousness. Results: Total number of 1069 suicidal self-poisoning cases were admitted to MPCC over one year. The highest number of them was between 10-20 years (38.4%). Females were more susceptible to suicidal poisoning than males. 78.7% were from rural areas; being single is a high-risk factor. The highest percentage of cases were students, and family troubles were the most common motive in attempting suicide, followed by economic and financial issues. Pesticides were the most used poison. 25.4% of cases were severe according to PSS, and the fatality rate reached 15.9%, where aluminum phosphide was the first claiming agent in this high death rate. Personality trait was a significant factor among people who attempted suicide with a significant difference regarding the gender and type of the used poison. Conclusion: Suicide self-poisoning is a considerable public health risk that should be given high attention; the most common age was between (10-20) years. Females were more susceptible than males. Most cases were from rural areas. Most of them were students, and family troubles were the most common motive for attempting suicide. Pesticides were the most used poison, and the fatality rate reached 15.9%. Personality traits are a significant risk factor among people who attempt suicide.

Human skeletal remains identification is crucial in forensic investigations, so the differentiation of the sex of a human bone is a significant initial stage for estimation of age and height of any unknown skeletal bone. AIM: The present study was designed to compare and evaluate the role of piriform and orbital aperture measurements in sex discrimination by using computed tomography in a sample of Egyptian population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study was done by using 89 computed tomography (CT) images of the piriform and orbital bone obtained from the Radiology Department, Menoufia University Hospital for numbers of males' and females' patients (43 of them were for males and 46 were for females) aged from 20 to 70 years; where the morphometric measurements of piriform and orbital aperture were obtained. RESULTS: This study was conducted on 89 CT images; 43 of them were for males representing 48.3% with a mean age of 47.44± 16.54 years, while 46 cases were for females representing 51.7% with a mean age 44.52 ±15.56 years. A highly significant difference (p<0.01) was obvious between both sexes for left orbital width, right, and left orbital area with greater values in males. Measurements of piriform aperture (PA) in this study as length, width, and area showed that males presented with significantly greater mean values than females. Besides that, the Piriform area was the best sex discriminant measure as it had the highest sensitivity 93%, specificity by 85%, and accuracy of 88.7% at a cutoff equal to 64 mm or more suggesting males (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Sex determination of human skeletons is important in forensic and anthropological research. The present study revealed that piriform and orbital aperture have sexual dimorphism and can be helpful in sex discrimination, especially the piriform area, which had the best accuracy in this study, as it had the highest sensitivity 93%, specificity 85%, and 88.7% accuracy.

Introduction: Head injuries (HI) are major threat to public health; they are significant risk factors for mortality in all age groups of population around the world. Head injury has impacted the countries ' economies causing some financial losses, and reduced productivity. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess pattern, occurrence mode, severity, associated factors, and outcome of traumatic head injuries in Menoufia University Hospital. Methodology: This was a cross sectional prospective study of 423 cases of traumatic head injury (THI) attended to Menoufia University Hospital over one year from 1st of January 2019 to the end of December 2019. Data about patient demographics, cause of injury, the instruments used, site, type of skull fractures or hemorrhage if present were gathered. Head injury severity was assessed by using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and outcome at time of discharge was documented. Results: Total 423 cases of traumatic head injury that met the inclusion criteria. 31% were in age between (30-<45y), (25%) in age from (15-<30y). Males approximately were three times more than females. Cases from rural areas represented (59.6%) versus (40.4%) from urban areas. Laborer followed by student were the mostly affected categories (49.5 %). The commonest cause was road traffic accidents (RTA) in 50.8%. Blunt instrument was frequently used agent (91%), while the most frequent site affected in skull was the more than one site in (30.3%). Skull fracture was the most common finding in computed tomography (CT) (31.7%). According to GCS, Mild cases (13-15) predominant than other degrees of coma representing 84.4%. The most common outcome was complete recovery (89.6%). highly significant relation was found between outcome and GCS. Conclusion: Traumatic injury to the head is a common injury among emergency unites' cases. The total number of cases was 423. The majority of cases were males. The age group most affected was between (30-<45y). Rural cases outnumbered those from urban areas. The most affected categories were laborer and student. RTA was the most common cause of traumatic head followed by assault. Intracranial hemorrhage and skull fractures are common association with THI.

BACKGROUND: Acid-base and electrolytes disturbance is an important cause of deaths in intensive care unit patients, so it is necessary to have a broader analysis of their effects in the prediction of the outcome among critically ill poisoned patients. AIM: To evaluate the role of acid-base and electrolytes as predictors of the outcome in critically ill poisoned cases. METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted on 181 cases of critically poisoned patients admitted to ICU in Menoufia Poison Control Center (MPCC) from the beginning of January 2020 till the end of June 2020. A clinical toxicological sheet was fulfilled for every case including patient's sociodemographic data, clinical data of patient's assessment, poison severity scoring (PSS), investigations done for the cases as biochemical laboratory investigations; including arterial blood gases, serum electrolytes, renal and liver functions, and specific toxicological screening tests for detection of poisons. Cases were divided according to their outcome into survivors and non-survivors. All data were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: 181 cases of critically ill poisoned patients were included in the study. Males represented (51.4%), while females were (48.6%). Cases from rural areas outnumbered those from urban, ingestion was the commonest mode of poisoning (97.2%). Pesticides constituted the highest percent among cases, where aluminum phosphide was the most prevalent agent of poisoning. According to PSS (53%) of cases were moderate versus 45.3% were severe. Survivors were (57.5%), while non-survivors were (42.5%). Significantly lower PH, Hco3, PaO2, oxygen saturation, serum potassium levels, and much lower values of BD (more minus results) in the non-survivors, while serum creatinine was significantly higher in the non-survivors. From the ROC curves, patients were considered of a bad prognosis when Ph ≤ 7.24, Hco3 ≤14.55, Pao2 ≤ 31.6,. CONCLUSION: It is a cornerstone to assess the acid-base and electrolytes disturbances, especially base deficit and Hco3 level for helpful prediction of the outcome, and categorization of the cases who need ICU admission from the start even if they are asymptomatic.