This work presents the main results of calculation and experimental study on relation between the operational properties of peat heat-insulating materials (HIM) and the content of mineral binders in them aiming at reducing heat energy costs by energy-consuming objects. It was experimentally proved that introduction of cement increases thermal conductivity, and introduction of calcium oxide as a mineral binder, on the contrary, promotes the development of material porosity while maintaining strength characteristics and elasticity and helps to reduce the thermal conductivity and specific density. The established relationship between the content of calcium oxide and the thermal conductivity enables modelling of technology for HIM producing based on peat and inorganic binders.
The article describes a new method for drying electric motors and transformers based on electrokinetic phenomenon of electroosmosis. The process of electroosmotic motion of moisture in insulation capillaries is described. The advantages of electroosmotic drying associated with a significant reduction in energy and labor costs are presented.
The paper discusses the problem of drying electric motors in a humid environment. The study considers the influence of oven, current, electroosmotic, convective-electroosmotic drying methods on defect formation in electrical insulating materials of electric motors. Thermal oven drying destroys the insulation system of electric motors for an order of magnitude higher than other methods and has a lot of negative consequences. The electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying processes do not have disadvantages of thermal drying methods, or these disadvantages are kept to a minimum. It is shown that electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying result in a uniform distribution of moisture content in the volume of electrical insulating materials. This reduces the likelihood of dangerous stresses and subsequent cracking. Electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying have little effect on defect formation processes in the insulation system of electric motors and, thus, almost do not reduce the service life of electric motors.
The article considers the actual problem of electric motors (EM) operation associated with wetting of winding insulation. The condition of wet insulation is getting worse due to aggressive environment of premises of agro-industrial complex, and some workshops in industry. It is noted that together with humidification, the effect of insulation “steaming” occurs after EM is put into operation. In this case, the insulation resistance R sharply decreases and its breakdown may occur, after which a major overhaul of EM is required. A new method for EM drying based on the electrokinetic phenomenon of electroosmosis has been developed. Under the influence of electric field forces, moisture is extruded from insulation capillaries onto the surface of EM winding and stator iron. R increases, and EM becomes ready to turn on. Under further operation, EM is heated and moisture evaporates into the environment. It is shown how electroosmotic drying (EOD) and the developed device (DEOD) help to get rid of the effect of insulation “steaming” and thereby ensure trouble-free EM operation.
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