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Plantas medicinais em feiras e mercados públicos do DistritoFlorestal Sustentável da BR-163, estado do Pará, Brasil In order to understand the productive chain from extractive medicinal plants marketed at emporiums, fairs and public markets of districts of this area, semi-structured interviews with 20 vendors of medicinal plants were carried out. Species richness was estimated by Bootstrap and similarity among the districts studied was analyzed by Sørensen's Index. 46 medicinal plants belonging to 42 genera and 21 botanical families were identifi ed. Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae and Bignoniaceae were the most representative botanical families. Th e expected richness for the sample was 50 species and additional collecting would increase by at least four items the general list of richness. Santarém, Itaituba and Altamira share a larger number of species and the fi rst is shown to be a diversifi ed center of medicinal products, presenting the largest number of exclusive occurrences (14). Th e fairs and public markets are an important link of this distribution system, and should be included in government actions concerning public policies for health.

ResumoCampos rupestres constituem uma vegetação típica de montanhas da Cadeia do Espinhaço e com elevado grau de endemismo de plantas, contendo algumas áreas com histórico de perturbações por garimpo e pisoteio. O presente estudo foca em duas perguntas principais: 1) Campos rupestres que foram perturbados pelo garimpo há cerca de 15 anos atrás possuem composição florística e estrutura similares a áreas sem perturbação? 2) A riqueza e abundância de espécies exóticas invasoras e de espécies nativas de ampla distribuição tendem a ser mais elevadas nessas áreas garimpadas ou pisoteadas? Quatro campos rupestres foram amostrados em Igatu, Andaraí, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: dois onde a atividade de garimpo cessou há 15 anos, um sob perturbação atual por pisoteio, mas sem histórico de garimpo e outro em uma área conservada (vegetação amostrada por 16 parcelas de 10x10 m, quatro em cada área). A distribuição geográfica das espécies foram determinadas com base na literatura e análises de classificação e ordenação foram feitas. A composição florística dos campos rupestres foi afetada pelas perturbações, mas apenas a perturbação por garimpo teve efeito marcante sobre a estrutura da vegetação. Espécies de ampla distribuição mais generalistas e a espécie invasora Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. foram restritas às áreas perturbadas, mostrando a necessidade de monitoramento de espécies invasoras nas áreas garimpadas do Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina. Palavras-chave: Chapada Diamantina; conservação da biodiversidade; espécie ruderal; perturbação; regeneração vegetal AbstractThe rupestrian grasslands vegetation occurs at the mountaintops of the Espinhaço Range harboring high number of endemic plant species. Despite its importance, some areas of rupestrian grasslands are under anthropogenic disturbance due to mining and trampling. The present study had two main questions: 1) Are the floristic composition and structure of rupestrian grasslands in areas impacted by mining similar to areas not subjected to mining? Are there tendencies to increase the abundances of exotic invasive and wild widespread plant species in areas impacted by mining or trampling? To evaluate our questions we sampled four rocky grasslands in Igatu, Andaraí, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil: two areas where the mining activities stopped 15 years ago, one area under current disturbance due to trampling, but without mining historic, and a fourth area which is well conserved. The vegetation was sampled in 16 10x10 m plots, four in each site. The geographic distribution of each species was defined based in the literature. Cluster and ordination analysis were performed. We conclude that the floristic composition of the sites was affected by previous and current disturbances, but only the mining disturbance had strong effect in vegetation structure, with the conserved area harboring a great part of the Brazilian endemic species. The exotic and invasive plant Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. occurred only at the disturbed sites, mainly in the mined sites, st...

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