Considering the widespread popular use of Morus nigra and the amount of scientific information on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, the effectiveness of this phytotherapeutic compound in the parasitemia progression during the acute phase of Chagas disease and its role in the development of the inflammatory process as well as its effects on the oxidative damage in the chronic phase of infection were evaluated. Thus, 96 male Swiss mice were randomly divided into eight groups, four groups were uninfected controls, and four groups were intraperitoneally infected with 5.0 x 104 blood trypomastigotes forms of T. cruzi QM2 strain. Four batches composed of one uninfected and one infected group were respectively treated with 70% alcohol solution and 25 μL, 50 μL and 75 μL of the phytotherapeutic compound. Levels of antioxidant elements (TBARS, FRAP, GSH and Sulfhydryl groups) were measured in plasma samples. The phytotherapeutic compound’s antioxidant activity was measured by polyphenol and total flavonoid quantification, DPPH, NO, and FRAP method. Our results showed that the vehicle influenced some of the results that may have physiological relevance in Chagas disease. However, an important action of M. nigra tincture was observed in the progression of Chagas disease, since our results demonstrated a reduction in parasitemia of treated groups when compared to controls, especially in the group receiving 25 µL. However, in the chronic phase, the 50-µL dosage presented a better activity on some antioxidant defenses and minimized the tissue inflammatory process. Results indicated an important action of M. nigra tincture on the Chagas disease progression.
This study evaluated the total polyphenols content and the antioxidant activity of the infusion prepared with leaves from Achillea millefolium L. plants treated with salicylic acid (SA). Field cultivated plants received SA foliar applications (T1: control; T2: 1.0 mmol L-1 applications at 20, 60 and 100 days after planting-DAP and T3: 1.0 mmol L-1 applications at 100 DAP during three days). The infusions from SA treated plants showed higher levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids compared to the control one. T2 and T3 infusions showed increases in the antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tests. However, only T2 treated plants had higher antioxidant activity by inhibition of lipid peroxidation (TBARS). It was concluded that elicitation of A. millefolium plants with SA can be considered an adequate strategy to increase the production of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of infusions.
práticas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos, produtos tradicionais fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais representam importantes medidas estratégicas para minimizar a ocorrência de resistência farmacológica bem como o impacto de resíduos medicamentosos sintéticos no meio ambiente. No contexto agropecuário, resistência farmacológica de helmintos intestinais representa importante barreira ao controle sanitário em animais de produção. O estudo de plantas taníferas têm demonstrado significativos efeitos sobre helmintos intestinais, representando importante alternativa ao uso de anti-helmínticos sintéticos em sistemas de produção animal. No entanto, aplicação de produtos com potencial farmacológico requer avaliação da efetividade e segurança medicamentosa, possibilitando registro de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos. Estabelecimento de Procedimento Operacional Padrão (POP) é de suma importância uma vez que proporciona controle sobre a execução dos ensaios e repetibilidade científica. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi estabelecer POP para execução e repetibilidade da avaliação de possíveis efeitos hepatotóxicos e nefrotóxicos do Extrato Hidroalcoólico de Brácteas de Musa paradisiaca a 10% (EHABB 10%) em ratos Wistar. Foram selecionados artigos científicos publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2020 nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, bem como documentos emitidos por órgãos regulamentares da pesquisa científica como Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), National Institute of Health (NIH), National Research Council (NRC), Conselho Nacional de Controle de Experimentação Animal (CONCEA) e Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OECD). O documento produzido descreve detalhadamente delineamento experimental, incluindo dados comportamentais, análises bioquímicas e histológicas, assim como análise estatística empregada. A partir dos resultados obtidos pelo presente estudo foi possível estabelecer POP para avaliação toxicológica do EHABB 10%, favorecendo sua execução de forma mais precisa, padronizada e eficiente.
ABSTRACT:The increasing tomato demand for the food market motivates improvements and the use of new biotechnologies in this fruit's production. The hybrid crop stands out for fruit production resistant to rot and postharvest wilt (long-life crops). Within this context, consumption of genetically modified food deserves attention regarding the safety and nutritional aspects due to the fact that inclusion and/or overexpression of genetic traits can cause harm to human health in the short or long term. In this scenario, this study aimed to evaluate genotoxicity and mutagenicity from different varieties of long-life tomatoes obtained by genetic breeding and also determines main bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. The genotoxicity and mutagenicity were analyzed via the micronucleus test and the evaluation of chromosome aberrations in mice bone marrow respectively. We have also analyzed carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, total phenol and flavonoid contents via spectrophotometry and antioxidant activity via DPPH radical scavenging assay. Considering the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that despite the absence of significant genotoxic activity among the evaluated samples, the antioxidant activity and the differences found in composition seems to be ruled by genetic factors, possibly due to the genetic breeding.
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