The lack of understanding of cultural discourse in speech is the key to international failure success in understanding language concepts, especially for BIPA learners in Indonesia. This research aims to reveal the importance of understanding the concepts of speech that must be considered in communicating. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The object of this study is an international student from Taiwan named Xing-Qian, who is participating in the Indonesian program for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) at PGRI University of West Sumatra. This research is naturalistic. The data in this study is in the form of video that is the result of recording in the field directly, then using the technique of seeing the record to transcribe the research results into writing form. The results showed that the international students used a form of guidance on the instructions for begging, asking, welcoming, advising, and inviting.
The purpose of this study is to describe the causes and forms of language errors at the phonological level of BIPA students. This type of research is qualitative research. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The data taken in this study is a form of language error at the phonological level in the form of words spoken by BIPA 1-2 students at Fatoni University Thailand. So. Meanwhile, the data sources in this study were BIPA 1-2 students at Fatoni University, totaling 8 people. The instruments in this study were researchers using laptops and zoom applications and assisted with data inventory formats. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation assisted by recording techniques, observing techniques and note-taking techniques. The technique used in checking the validity of the data in this study is the triangulation technique. The results of data analysis can be concluded several things. First, the forms of language errors found by BIPA students at Fatoni University Thailand at the phonological level are, a) phoneme change errors. b) phoneme omission errors, and c) phoneme additions. Second, the factors causing BIPA students to experience language errors in speaking skills are influenced by factors, first, namely factors influenced by the language they master first. Second, the lack of understanding of the language users of the language they use, many do not understand good and correct Indonesian, both in meaning and in pronunciation or pronunciation.
The use of different vocabulary spoken by traders and buyers that cause language variations during buying and selling transactions in traditional markets on the coast with discourse analysis. This research aims to analyze language variations in terms of usage by traders and buyers in the wholesale market. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The data source of this research is conversations conducted by merchants and buyers. The data in this study is a varied vocabulary. Data is analyzed using interactive models such as data reduction, presentation, and conclusion withdrawal. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the variation in the spoken language of traders in the traditional market is as follows, language variations found as many as 7 language variations from 50 data. Variations of the language used are Indonesian as many as 9 conversations, Javanese, Minangkabau kumbung, Minangkabau language Talang Mandiangin, Minangkabau language dusun, Minangkabau language sirah river area, and Minangkabau language limpaso area.
Learning English, especially speaking skills, requires a variety of accurate strategies. The aim is to make it easier for students to learn English, the more ways they can learn it the easier it is to master it. However, it is important to remember that learning English is not learning knowledge that requires high logical reasoning, memorizing formulas, mastering tenses, grammar, and formal English grammar, and so on. But learning English is nothing more than a skill that is continuously practiced until it is accustomed, any language learned requires the practice of speaking the language learned.
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