Coronary artery fistulas are rare congenital anomalies noted during coronary angiography of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Percutaneous treatment options have been described previously in case series of varying size. We present the successful percutaneous coil embolization using electrically detachable coils of a symptomatic combined distal left anterior descending artery fistula and distal right coronary artery fistula that join to form a single drainage into the left ventricle.
This article describes the prevalence of dysphagia following anterior cervical fusion as well as presenting a classic case study with recommendation for applying current knowledge to standard of care for individuals with swallowing difficulty post operatively.
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