Plant derived oils have recently been found to be more effective in pharmaceutical sectors than synthetic goods since these plants contain physiologically active chemicals with a wide range of therapeutic effects. Essential oil, also known as essence, volatile oil, etheric oil, or aetheroleum, is a complex mixture of volatile elements biosynthesised by living organisms, which is particularly abundant in aromatic plants. This research summarizes facts on the chemistry of essential oil isolated from Cyperus scariosus on the one hand and their most important biological activities on the other. The essential oil components were determined to be a complex mixture of volatile chemicals such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and their oxygenated derivatives using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Thermoanalytical techniques such as TGA and DSC were used to investigate the oil's stability. Infrared spectroscopy was used to provide further information on the existence of various functional groups. Furthermore, the extracted oil's antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimalarial activities were investigated. The antimalarial activity was tested against Plasmodium falciparum, and the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity were calculated using the DPPH reagent. This comprehensive study will provide an overview of the chemicals extracted from Cyperus scariosus as well as the plant's convincing pharmacological qualities.

Background: Most of the plant natural flora contributes significantly to medicinal benefits. To address the shortcoming usage of synthetic drugs, natural products are in demand which offer a broad spectrum of activities with negligible side effects. Pinus succinefera is a fossilized resin from coniferous woods that belongs to the genus Pinus of the Pinaceae family and is widely known as Amber. The present study explores the physiochemical properties and broad spectrum of biological activities of the essential oil. Method: The essential oil obtained using the hydro-distillation process, and chemical composition was examined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric analysis as well as the functional groups present in the essential oil were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. Thermal characterisation was performed using the Thermo Gravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The antimicrobial potential of the essential oil was evaluated against different microorganisms meanwhile antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was examined. The free radical scavenging capability of the essential oil was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) reagent. High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used to examine the qualitative components of the essential oil. Results: The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric analysis profile indicated 5 major compounds in the essential oil, which consisted of 99% of the total oil. The thermal analysis of the essential oil established thermal stability. The essential oil showed moderate antioxidant and a moderate to significant potential was observed against microbial species including Plasmodium falciparum. In High-performance thin-layer chromatography five bands of essential oil components with Retention factor ranging from 0.2 to 0.7 at 254nm were represented. Conclusion: The results indicated that the essential oil obtained from Pinus succinefera has the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry to manufacture medicinal substances, as well as it can show a significant capability in other domains.

No abstract

Artemisia pallens, an aromatic and medicinal plant occasionally referred to as Davana is a member of the Asteraceae family. Understanding the physiochemical and therapeutic properties of Davana essential oil (DEO) is the major aim of this study. Essential oil from plant material was extracted using the hydro-distillation method. Examination of the phytochemical components and several plant constituents from the whole oil were detected using GC–MS analysis and some components were Isobutyl propionate, 4,5-Dimethyl-Thiazole, Ligustrazin, Endo-2-Norborneol, Tetradecanoic acid, and Octadecanoic acid. The thermal stability of the oil was tested using thermoanalytical studies such as TG–DTA and DSC. Moreover, to comprehend the biological potential of the oil antimicrobial, antituberculosis, antimalarial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibiofilm activities were investigated essential oil was tested for antimicrobial activity against 10 bacterial and 7 fungal strains. The antimalarial potential was evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum. Cytotoxicity of the DEO was determined against MCF-7, HeLa, and CHO cell lines employing MTT assay. Meanwhile, the DPPH assay was adopted to assess antioxidant potential, and the ability to suppress biofilm formation was also assessed. The study’s findings reveal that Artemisia pallens is a reservoir of natural compounds and can be used against numerous ailments.