Future routers must not only forward packets at high speeds, ABSTRACT but also deal with nontrivial issues such as scheduling support for differential services, heterogeneous link technologies, and backward compatibility with a wide range of packet formats and routing protocols. In this article, the authors outline the design issues facing the next generation of backbone, enterprise, and access routers. The authors also present a survey of recent advances in router design, identifying important trends, concluding with a selection of open issues.outers knit together the constituent networks of

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