ABSTRACT:This work outlines a new approach for the integration of 3D Building Information Modelling and the 3D Geographic Information System (GIS) to provide semantically rich models, and to get the benefits from both systems to help document and analyse cultural heritage sites. Our proposed framework is based on the Jeddah Historical Building Information Modelling process (JHBIM). This JHBIM consists of a Hijazi Architectural Objects Library (HAOL) that supports higher level of details (LoD) while decreasing the time of modelling. The Hijazi Architectural Objects Library has been modelled based on the Islamic historical manuscripts and Hijazi architectural pattern books. Moreover, the HAOL is implemented using BIM software called Autodesk Revit. However, it is known that this BIM environment still has some limitations with the non-standard architectural objects. Hence, we propose to integrate the developed 3D JHBIM with 3D GIS for more advanced analysis. To do so, the JHBIM database is exported and semantically enriched with non-architectural information that is necessary for restoration and preservation of historical monuments. After that, this database is integrated with the 3D Model in the 3D GIS solution. At the end of this paper, we'll illustrate our proposed framework by applying it to a Historical Building called Nasif Historical House in Jeddah. First of all, this building is scanned by the use of a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Close Range Photogrammetry. Then, the 3D JHBIM based on the HOAL is designed on Revit Platform. Finally, this model is integrated to a 3D GIS solution through Autodesk InfraWorks. The shown analysis presented in this research highlights the importance of such integration especially for operational decisions and sharing the historical knowledge about Jeddah Historical City. Furthermore, one of the historical buildings in Old Jeddah, Nasif Historical House, was chosen as a test case for the project.
Abstract:As a consequence of increasing safety concerns, camera surveillance has been widely adopted as a way to monitor public spaces. One of the major challenges of camera surveillance is to design an optimal method for camera network placement in order to ensure the greater possible coverage. In addition, this method must consider the landscape of the monitored environment to take into account the existing objects that may influence the deployment of such a network. In this paper, a new Voronoi-based 3D GIS oriented approach named "HybVOR" is proposed for surveillance camera network placement. The "HybVOR" approach aims to achieve a coverage near 100% through three main phases. First, a Voronoi Diagram from buildings' footprints is generated and cameras are placed on the Voronoi Edges. Second, the level of coverage is assessed by calculating a viewshed based on a raster Digital Surface Model of the region of interest. Finally, the visibility of the main buildings' entrances is evaluated based on a 3D vector model that contains these features. The effectiveness of the "HybVOR" approach is demonstrated through a case study that corresponds to an area of interest in Jeddah Seaport in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Cognitive design constitutes a cognitively-informed engineering method for developing assistive technologies. The approach is challenging in that it involves matching key cognitive principles for a given problem domain to engineering principles, and that an independent validation procedure is required for the cognitive component. In addition, we argue for a broad set of evaluation criteria and adapt a participatory design framework, one that involves the client population throughout the design process. After laying out the main precepts of the approach, we illustrate these via a particular design process, seeking to provide situational awareness and navigational assistance to persons who are blind. The problem domain is described in some detail. A solution is then presented that involves matching the need for configural knowledge about the person's surroundings with a hierarchical organisation in the spatial database so that information may be presented to the user at different levels of detail. The process involved to implement this solution is then outlined, and appropriate validation experiments described. It is noted that the cognitive design process as presented here is in use now in a number of initiatives, and that it involves a high degree of collaboration between experts from different disciplines.
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