The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a traditional diet with rumenprotected (RP) either methionine (MET) or lysine (LYS) or their combination, on some physiological responses of ewes. Twenty-four adult Barki ewes were used were divided into four groups (6 ewes for each). The first group (Control) was fed only the control diet. The second group (LYS) fed the control diet and rumen-protected LYS (6g Lysi pearl /kg concentrate i.e. 3g /animal/day). The third group (MET) was fed the control diet and rumen-protected MET (14g Smartamin/kg concentrate i.e. 7g /animal/day). The fourth group (MIX) was fed the control diet and mixture of 3g LYS and 7g MET/animal/day. The experiment lasted for six months. Blood total proteins, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected. Total lipids (TL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and some plasma essential and non-essential amino acids were also analyzed.
S hortage of feed resources and salinity of water are common characteristics in marginal regions of desert areas and it is considered the main constraints to improve livestock productivity. The use of alternative feed resources from salt tolerant plants was proved to be useful in these regions (El-Shaer, 2006; 2010; Fayed et al., 2010). However, high salt intakes through feed stuffs or water decrease ruminant's productivity. Nevertheless, small ruminants could cope against these harsh conditions. Martin-Gronert (2006) found that adaptive responses such as alternation in water intake and hormonal changes could adapt pregnant ewes to a high dietary salt intake. He added that when high salt intake comes from feed alone, and there is an unlimited supply of freshwater, the animal can cope by increasing water intake and therefore increasing the salt excreting capacity by the kidneys. In pregnant ewes, Digby et al. (2008) found that the consumption of a 13% NaCl diet causes a decrease in aldosterone concentration reached research Article Abstract | This study aimed at investigating the effect of drinking saline water and feeding salt tolerant plant on some physiological parameters of pregnant Shami goats and their offspring. Forty late pregnant goats (at 4 th and 5 th months of pregnancy) were randomly divided into 2 groups (20 each). The 1 st group (control; C) was fed a diet consisted of concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus berseem hay and drank fresh tap water (274 ppm TDS). The 2 nd group (S) was fed CFM plus Alfalfa and drank saline water (6000 ppm TDS). The treatment lasted to the weaning of their kids at 90 days of age. Body weight gain was significantly lower in females of S group than in control ones. Similar trend was observed in kids body weight gain from birth tell weaning. Total plasma proteins of pregnant Shami does were not affected by salt intake, but decreased with advancing pregnancy in females of the two experimental groups. Kids of S group had higher (P<0.05) levels of all plasma proteins than found in kids of C group. Total lipids and insulin decreased (P<0.05) by salt intake in pregnant goats and their kids. Leptin decreased (P<0.05) in pregnant does of S group but not in their kids. Liver and kidney functions indicators significantly increased in both does and their kids of group S. Blood electrolytes (Na and K) and plasma osmolality increased significantly in does drank saline water and their kids which have negative feedback on aldosterone. In conclusion, Shami goats can tolerate a high salt intake and living under harsh condition of marginal regions with minimum weight loss. Their offspring will be programmed to alter their adaptive response to grow well under these harsh conditions.
housing system during weaning process. The results suggest that the calves remained with their dams and group-housing system can be the better as anti-psychological and social stressors than those separated from their dams or individually housed ones as management system at weaning process.
Feeding tiny amounts of micro-algae meal to animals enhances animal physiology by improving immune response, disease resistance, and gut function, as well as enhancing anti-inflammatory and antibacterial protection, reproductive performance, feed conversion ratio, and weight gain. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of dietary microalgae meal (Nannochloropsis oculata) on physical semen quality, serum biochemical parameters, and oxidative status of Hi-Plus buck rabbits for 12 weeks during the summer. A total of 45, Hi-Plus buck rabbits aged 20-24 weeks were divided into three equally comparable experimental groups. Bucks in the first, second, and third groups were daily supplemented in their diets with 0% (control), 0.50% (T1), and 1.0% (T2) microalgae meal, respectively. Semen and blood samples were collected to evaluate semen quality traits and some serum biochemical constituents, and oxidative status, as well as serum triiodothyronine (T3) and testosterone (Ts) hormones concentrations. The obtained data revealed that dietary supplementation of Nannochloropsis oculata meal significantly improved most physical semen characteristics, including ejaculate volume, progressive sperm motility, semen pH value, sperm cell concentration, total sperm output, live sperm, and semen quality factor. Blood serum glucose, total proteins, and their fractions increased significantly in T1 and T2, compared with the control group, while total serum cholesterol and hepatic enzymes concentrations recorded a significant decrease in bucks supplemented with T1 and T2, compared with the control group. The total antioxidant capacity of serum significantly increased in both two levels of microalgae, compared with the control group. Serum T3 concentration significantly increased in both levels of dietary microalgae compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with Nannochloropsis oculata meal (1.0%) was advised to improve semen quality, serum constituents, and antioxidative status without any adverse effects on the liver and kidney functions of rabbits.
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