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This study introduces potential risk factors for victimization and perpetration of sexual harassment among teens not previously studied. The first set of analyses compared histories of perpetration and victimization by gender, as well as the relationship between risk factors and perpetration or victimization. For girls (r = .544) and boys (r = .700), the relationships between perpetration and victimization histories were very strong. Most proposed risk factors were also significantly related to perpetration and victimization histories for both genders, including alcohol use frequency, delinquency, histories of family violence and victimization, cultural and personal power, and retaliation, with all increasing as perpetration or victimization history increased. For girls, two direct paths were moderately related to victimization--delinquency and family victimization. For boys, only one variable--perpetration history--was related to victimization history. Four variables were directly related to greater sexual harassment perpetration-greater personal power, delinquency, family violence, and family victimization.

Postdisclosure caregiver support has long been considered a key factor in the functioning of children after their disclosure of sexual abuse, and numerous studies and reviews support this relationship. Yet, a closer look at this literature suggests that support for this relationship might not be as strong or consistent as reported. The purpose of this article is to review studies assessing the relationship between caregiver support of sexually abused children and postdisclosure functioning of their children. Studies were collected using various search engines, and the tables of contents of certain child maltreatment journals were reviewed. To be included, studies had to be published prior to 2012 and to quantitatively capture the bivariate relationship between a quantified assessment of nonoffending caregiver (NOC) support anytime after the child's sexual abuse disclosure and a quantified assessment of at least 1 of the 11 types of postdisclosure functioning in the children. Twenty-nine studies met the criteria to be included. In the meta-analysis, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation, transformed to a Fisher's Z, was used as the effect size. Potential moderators of effect size were also coded and assessed. Postdisclosure caregiver support was significantly related to 3 of the 11 different types of postdisclosure functioning in children. However, the largest effect size was .170, and 8 of the 11 types of postdisclosure functioning in children had effect sizes smaller than ±.100. Few moderators of the relationship between NOC support and postdisclosure functioning in children were found. Minimal support for the relationship between caregiver support of sexually abused children and children's postdisclosure functioning was found. At this time, it is impossible to determine whether this weak relationship can be attributed to the many methodological weaknesses in the measurement of caregiver support or whether caregiver support is not related to postdisclosure functioning in children.

The purpose of this study was to compare how parental support, attachment of the parent, and the child's report regarding the quality of the parent/child relationship differentially relate to child and parent reports of the child's symptomatology. After controlling for those variables that covary with it, parental support was only significantly related to 2 of 17 scales of parent- and child-reported symptomatology. Parent attachment and the child's report regarding the quality of the parent/child relationship were better predictors than parental support of the child's outcome but varied in the manner in which they contributed to outcome.