BackgroundAcute anterior uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of spondyloarthritis (SpA). The ocular inflammation in SpA is restricted to the uvea, usually unilateral and in some cases may precede the clinical characteristics of SpA.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to analyse if the presence of uveitis is associated with a diferent clinical manifestation, laboratorial, radiological and therapetiuc among spondyloarthritis patients.MethodsThis was an observational retrospective study with 153 patients with spondyloarthritis attended in the period from 1997 to 2017 in Florianopolis, Brazil. It was analysed demografical, laboratorial, clinical and therapeutic data in spondyloarthritis patients with or without uveitis.Results26,8% of the patients with spondyloarthritis presented uveitis. The presence of complications was rare, with cataract occurring in only four patients and glaucoma in two of them. A higher frequency of acute anterior uveitis in males (p=0.06) was observed in patients with a family history (p=0.19) and HLA-B27 positive (p=0.14). Patients with spondyloarthritis and uveitis more frequently used anti-TNF (p=0.04) and presented sacroiliitis on imaging tests (p=0.02). There was no association between uveitis and cardiovascular (p=0.44), cutaneous (p=0.13) or gastrointestinal involvement (p=0.10).ConclusionsUveitis in patients with spondylarthritis is common, predominantly in males and more frequently, in HLA-B27 positive patients. Ocular manifestation in spondyloarthritis has a low degree of complication when compared to uveitis from other etiologies. The use of immunobiological agents such as anti-TNF is common in patients with uveitis.References[1] Stolwijk C, van Tubergen A, Castillo-Ortiz JD, Boonen A. Prevalence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;74(1):65–73[2] Rosenbaum JT. New developments in uveitis associated with HLA B27. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(4):298–303.[3] Pasadhika S, Rosenbaum JT. Update on the use of systemic biologic agents in the treatment of noninfectious uveitis. Biol Targets Ther. 2014;8:67–81.[4] Khan MA, Haroon M, Rosenbaum JT. Acute Anterior Uveitis and Spondyloarthritis: More Than Meets the Eye. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2015;17(9).[5] Cantini F, Nannini C, Cassarà E, Kaloudi O, Niccoli L, Cassara E, et al. Uveitis in Spondyloarthritis: An Overview. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2015;93:27–9.[6] Rosenbaum JT. Uveitis in spondyloarthritis including psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34(6):999–1002.Disclosure of InterestNone declared

Several health organizations have classified diabetes mellitus, a metabolic syndrome, as the epidemic of the century, since it affects millions of people worldwide and is one of the top ten causes of death. Type 1 diabetes is considered to be an autoimmune disease, in which autoaggressive T cells infiltrate the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, leading to the destruction of insulin producing beta cells. The risk of the disease is modulated by genetic factors, mainly genes coding for human leukocyte antigens (HLA). However, the incidence of this disease has increased significantly during the recent decades, which cannot be explained only by genetic factors. Environmental perturbations have also been associated to the development of diabetes. Among these factors, viral triggers have been implicated; particularly enteroviruses, which have been associated to the induction of the disease. Supporting the hypothesis, numerous lines of evidence coming from mouse models and patients with this type of diabetes have shown the association. The present review aims to provide some understanding of how type 1 diabetes occurs and the possible role of enterovirus in this pathology