A field experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar during kharif season of 2018-19 to study the effect of different herbicides on weed species, growth attributes and yields of direct seeded rice. The experiment comprised of 11 treatments based on weed management practices. The 11 treatments were lone application of pendimethalin and pyrazosulfuron as pre-emergence herbicides while others were as post-emergence at 20 days after sowing i.e. pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g/ha PE, pendimethalin @1000 g/ha PE, pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g /ha PE fb 2,4-DEE @ 750 g/ha POE, pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g /ha PE fb bispyriba-Na @ 25 g/ha POE, pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g/ha PE fb bispyribac-Na @ 20 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g/ha POE, bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha POE, bispyribac-Na @ 20 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g/ha POE, ethoxysulfuron @ 15 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g /ha POE, halosulfuron @ 67.5 g/ha + azimsulfuron @ 30 g/ha POE, hand weeding thrice and weed check. Among all the herbicidal treatments, the minimum weed density (5.13 m-2), dry weight (4.82 g m-2), highest grain yield (5.41 t/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.9) were recorded with application of pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g/ha PE fb bispyribac-Na @ 20 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g/ha POE.
Modern agriculture with use of chemical fertilizers and resulted in an increase of food production. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture field is toxic in nature and also disturbs the soil living beneficial microorganisms. So, the use of seaweed as a fertilizer in agricultural field will help to maintain the moisture content and are eco-friendly. Keeping this point in mind, the present study was aimed to develop different consortium of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) to enhance crop yield. The seaweeds such as Ulva fasciata, Sargassum wightii and Padina boergesenii were collected from the rocky shore areas of Mandapam Coast, Rameshwaram District, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of four different consortium of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) were prepared in different concentrations (1%, 2% and 2.5%) to determine their plant growth promoting ability in agriculturally important crop plants such as, Green gram, Black gram, Mustard and Paddy by seed germination and soil drenching methods in both sterilized and unsterilized soil at laboratory scale experimental setups. The 100% of seed germination and the maximum shoot length ((Green gram 33.73±0.64), (Black gram 34.46±0.45), (Mustard 15.96±0.20) and (Paddy 15.36±0.15)) and root length (Green gram 13.63±0.37), (Black gram 10.46±0.20), (Mustard 11.2±0.2) and (Paddy 14.43±0.30) was found high in the plants treated with the consortium of Padina boergesenii, Sargassum wightii and Ulva fasciata at 0.7% (21ml of seaweed extracts and 71ml of distilled water) concentration followed by consortium of Padina boergesenii, and Sargassum wightii at 1% (20ml of seaweed extracts and 80ml of distilled water) in unsterilized soil and the work has suggested to use this consortium of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) in agricultural field to enhance the crop production.
Cereals have large nitrogen requirement, but the demand for fertilizer is variable. Divergence between the supply and requirement of nitrogen can potentially hamper the crop growth as well as the environment, resulting in poor nitrogen use efficiency leads to economic losses. A balance between supply and utilization is required to optimize crop growth, economic returns and to maintain environmental sustainability which can be solved through need based nitrogen management which is nothing but application of inputs is according to the needs of the farm. Spatial variability is present in the fields but often they receive a same dose of fertilizers because they are treated by farmers as a homogenous unit. Through need based strategies, farmers will supply nitrogen fertilizers according to the demand of the crop which reduce the losses of N fertilizer. A precision agriculture approach to address the disparate spatial N requirements across a field is the use of a variable rate application guided by crop canopy reflectance sensors. Sensors like SPAD chlorophyll meter, greenseeker, rapid SCAN etc are used for determining the nitrogen need of the field crops. Many researchers across the globe are working on standardization of these sensors for different growth stages of the crop. Precision input management in cereals is lacking at present in most of the growing areas. A good amount of information on crop nutrition is available, but information regarding need based N management is lacking. This article reviews the work done on need based nitrogen management strategies in cereals.
To identify the SPAD chlorophyll meter based nitrogen management strategy in wet direct seeded rice, a field experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India during Kharif 2018. The experiment was conducted in split plot design which consisted of three rice cultivars as main plot treatments: Sabour Ardhjal, Shushk Samrat & Shabhagi Dhan and four N management practices as sub-plot treatments: No N (control), Fixed time N management (FTNM), Real time N management (RTNM) and Adjustable dose of N management (ADNM). Results revealed that among the cultivars, the maximum grain yield was obtained in Shushk Samrat (3956 kg/ha) which was statistically at par with Shabhagi Dhan (3752 kg/ha) whereas lowest grain yield was obtained in Sabour Ardhjal (3213 kg/ha). Among the N management practices, highest grain yield (4177 kg/ha) was recorded in ADNM which was at par with grain yield of FTNM (4134 kg/ha). Maximum gross (Rs. 79,957 ha-1) and net (Rs. 48,681 ha-1), B: C ratio (1.56) were obtained in ADNM. So, higher yields as well as sustainability of ecosystems can be achieved by practicing ADNM in direct seeded rice.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.