Stones in the common bile duct (CBD) are referred to as choledocholithiasis. Nowadays, surgeons have a variety of therapeutic choices from which to address choledocholithiasis patients. This systematic review aims to compare the laparoscopic and intraoperative endoscopic management of CBD stones PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Eight studies were included, with 3045 patients. The success rates in both interventions were similar; however, only two studies reported that LCBDE had higher success rates than LC-IOEST. Most studies reported more complications in the LC-IOEST except for two investigations. The LC-IOEST was found to reduce the duration of posthospital stay except for one study. We found that LC-IOEST is the most effective option for choledocholithiasis, with higher success rates and a shorter duration of postoperative hospital stay. However, LC-IOEST possessed more complications and seemed to be a safer option.

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is characterised by increased serum or plasma bilirubin (unconjugated) levels that exceed the laboratory's reference range. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, is the most common cause of jaundice in newborns. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is caused by bilirubin metabolism dysregulation, which includes increased synthesis, reduced hepatic absorption, and decreased bilirubin conjugation. Gilbert syndrome (type 1 and 2), Crigler-Najjar syndromes (type 1 and 2), and hereditary illnesses producing hemolytic anaemia are all examples of inherited conditions that can cause unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a sporadic condition, Gilbert syndrome is more common yet less dangerous symptom. Using phototherapy and plasmapheresis, the major goal of treatment is to lower the amount of unconjugated bilirubin. Intensive phototherapy is the basis of management of Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1. Combined with plasmapheresis and in some cases liver transplantation may be required.