Domestication of herbaceous, perennial, warm-season North American legumes can contribute to a wide array of conservation and agricultural objectives. Th is study examined 'Plains' Germplasm prairie acacia [PPA; Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kunze var. hirta (Nutt.) B.L. Rob.], panicled tick-clover [PTC; Desmodium paniculatum (L.) D.C.], and 'Crockett' Germplasm herbaceous mimosa (CHM; Mimosa strigillosa Torr & A. Gray) herbage yield, nutritive value, eff ect of herbage harvest on seed production, and range of adaptation. At Stephenville, TX, on a Windthorst fi ne sandy loam (fi ne, mixed, avtive, thermic Udic Paleustalf), herbaceous mimosa yielded the most (P ≤ 0.05) herbage dry matter (DM) of all entries in 2008, 2009, and 2010 (3380, 7510, and 3570 kg ha -1 , respectively). Plains Germp lasm prairie acacia produced the greatest (P ≤ 0.05) seed yields in 2008 and 2009 (1480 and 2590 kg ha -1 , respectively), while CHM yielded the least seed for the fi rst 2 yr aft er seeding. Overall, PPA had the lowest (P ≤ 0.05) leaf fi ber concentrations. Harvest in general negatively (P ≤ 0.05) aff ected seed yield. Plot cover ratings of these entries seeded along a longitudinal gradient from Knox City (33°26′ N, 99°51′ W), Stephenville, and Nacogdoches, TX, to Homer, LA, (32˚47′ N, 93˚3′ W) indicated that CHM was the quickest to spread via stolons, followed by PPA via rhizomes, while PTC, limited to seed for recruitment, was slower to spread. All three perennial, herbaceous legumes are promising for pasture, rangeland, wildlife habitat, and prairie restoration.
This sfudy examined three prairie acacia [Acacia angustissima var. hirta (Mill.) Kunfze var. hirta (Nuff.) B.L. Rob.] accessions from Texas for genefic overlap, adapfafion fo a wide range of lafifudes, as well as seed and herbage yieid, nufrifive values, and effecf of forage harvest on seed producfion at Sfephenville, TX. The southernmost accession (Kingsville prairie acacia; KPA) yielded >400% more (P < 0.05) herbage (3483 kg dry matter ha"^ yr^) at Stephenville, TX, than the other entries the third year after establishment. Herbage removal negatively (P < 0.05) affected seed yield, which was as much as 2590 kg ha"^ yr^ for unharvested Plains germplasm prairie acacia (PPA) the second year after establishment. Final percent plot cover differed (P < 0.05) among locations (Knox City, TX, 50%; Stephenville, TX, 100%; Nacogdoches, TX, 99%; Homer, LA, 61%). Differences (P < 0.05) in leaf:stem ratios, some nutritive values, and crude protein yields were measured among accessions, with KPA showing the most promise where there were differences. Genetic analysis of inter-simple sequence repeat markers indicated the least within accession difference between two north Texas accessions (91 and 92% similarity) and the most difference between these two and KPA (79% similarity), which also presented a taller, woodier growth habit. Genetic variation within prairie acacia germplasm collected in Texas is expressed primarily in herbage production.
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