ZnO-NPs coated cotton or starched cotton fibers were successfully prepared via ultrasound irradiation. Different concentrations of soluble corn starch (1-3 starch wt.%) were used to stabilize ZnO-NPs onto the surface of cotton fabrics as entrapped species. the use of none-toxic biocompatible starch has improved the adhesion properties of the cotton fibers towards ZnO-NPs. This also enhanced the durability of Zno-nps onto the cotton fabrics and decreased their leaching from the surface of cotton fabrics. When 3 starch wt.% solution was used, deposition of ZnO-NP increased by 53% after 10 washing cycles. the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli increased by 50 and 21.5%, respectively. Functionalization of ZnO coated cotton with silver nanoparticles (Agnps) and curcumin results in formation of Zno-Ag/cotton and Zn(ii) curcumin/cotton composites. the functionalized nanocomposites Zno-Ag coated cotton material showed a synergistic antimicrobial behavior than that of individual Zno/cotton material. the Zn(ii) curcumin complex coated cotton showed higher antibacterial activities against both Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria than that of the Zno/cotton material.
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