Cancer is among the main causes of mortality all over
the world.
The delayed diagnosis is directly related to the decrease in survival
rate. The use of immunotherapy has dramatically changed the treatment
outcomes of different types of cancers. However, many patients still
do not respond to immunotherapies, and many also suffer from severe
immune-related side effects. Recent advances in the fields of nanomedicine
bioengineering and in particular imaging offered new approaches which
can enhance not only the safety but also the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Theranostics has showed great progress as a branch of medicine which
integrates both diagnosis and therapy in a single system. The outcomes
from animal studies demonstrated an improvement in the diagnostic
and immunotherapeutic potential of nanoparticles within the theranostic
framework. Herein, we discuss the most recent developments in the
application of nanotheranostics for combining tumor imaging and cancer
immunotherapies.
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