Background: Mental health of a medical student remains affected throughout training due to long study and working hours, extensive course content, examinations, peer competition, uninspiring environments, sleep deprivation. Objectives of this study is to estimate the proportion of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Women medical undergraduate students and to determine the association between the Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Socio demographic factors among Women medical undergraduate students. Materials and methods: This were a cross sectional Study conducted among First, second, third and fourth year MBBS students of SVIMS - Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. Medical students who were present and willing to participate voluntarily on the day of data collection were included. Sample size calculated was 375. Information collected was socio-demographic details and Depression Anxiety Stress scale [DASS 42] was used to assess depression, anxiety and stress levels. Results: The present study assessed Depression, Anxiety and Stress among 588 medical undergraduates, by using DASS 42 scale which revealed prevalence of depression was 34.7%, anxiety 44% and stress 30.3% and their association year of study, not satisfied, partially satisfied with own education, less consumption water, less sleeping hours and hours of usage of gadgets. Conclusion: The present study found that prevalence of depression 34.7%, anxiety 44% and stress 30.3% among medical undergraduates. Medical students under strain are either unaware of their situation or reluctant to seek help.
Background: Some of the community surveys have documented that between three and six decades, prevalence of hypertension has increased by about 30 times in urban people and by about 10 times among the rural area people. Urban population of developing countries is showing similar prevalence to that of developed countries. Treating hypertension has been associated with 15% reduction in incidence of myocardial infarction and 40% reduction of stroke. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adults aged between 30-50 years in selected urban slum areas of Tirupati and to know the associated important risk factors with hypertension in the study subjects.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in urban slum community of Tirupati, to estimate the prevalence and its risk factors of Hypertension by using the JNC VII criteria. This study was conducted during January 2012 to February 2013, among 2136 subjects of 30-50 years age group. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found 481 (22.5%), majority of them belongs to the age group of 45-50 years 212 (44.0%) and lowest in 30-35 years 45 (9.3%). Hypertension was predominant in males 186 (30.1%) than females 295 (19.4%). Conclusions: This study found that there is increasing trend of prevalence of hypertension in the urban community. This study suggests to health planners to take remedial measures to address growing hypertension in the community through health education about lifestyle changes, dietary modification, and avoidance of stress.
Background: General waste is the waste that does not pose an immediate hazard or threat to health or to the environment. Waste management activities include collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of wastes. Academic institutions produce wastes, which are not disposed of effectively or economically. The result is littering and accumulation of garbage, which cause pollution. The objective of the current study is to examine and compare the general waste management practices of an university with current waste management rules in force.Methods: The current observational and comparative study was carried in an autonomous medical university located in South India. Waste is managed by Campus Maintenance Committee and Swachh Bharath committee under supportive supervision of Department of Community Medicine. The authors have observed the practices per se, talked with all the stakeholders of waste management in the institute, and presented their observations. The observations were compared with the standard practices of waste management to be adhered by academic institutions as per the rules of waste management.Results: Everyday 200-250 Kg of solid waste is generated in the university campus. General waste generated from different sources is grouped into black bags and sent to the dumpsite of campus. The corporation workers separate dry waste from wet waste and transport to the corporation dumpsite in separate blue and green drums separately.Conclusions: The steps taken by the university authorities like division of campus into areas with group leaders to facilitate ownership and accountability and formation of committees and regular meetings to facilitate coordination have shown results.
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