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Background: S. aureus has been recognized as continuously challenging the clinicians despite the availability of antibiotics from nearly 70 yrs and emergence of various types of antibiotic resistance mechanisms especially to methicillin and vancomycin, which was the theme of this study. The study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in Tertiary Care Hospital, SRMSIMS, Bareilly and also to determine the current status of Vancomycin susceptibility in our Hospital setup considering E-Test as gold standard.Methods: This study was prospective in design from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014 and conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SRMSIMS, Bareilly. All S. aureus strains were screened for vancomycin resistance by Dual strip E- test.Results: Out of 505 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, we found that MRSA, VISA, and VRSA as 80.8%, 0.6% and 0.0% respectively. In cases of MRSA, antibiogram showed sensitivity in the range of 99.4 -100% for glycopeptides, and sensitivity to levofloxacin, chloramphenicol was 77.5% and 65.2% respectively.Conclusions: On evaluation of MIC by E-strips, we found that 17% of MRSA were showing MIC values quite near to the MIC value of VISA. So, these strains may convert to VISA, if the injudicious use of vancomycin antibiotics is not stopped.

Background: Malnutrition in children occurs as a complex interplay among various factors like maternal health, dietary practices, hand washing and other hygiene practices, low birth weight, episode of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection within the last 6 months are often associated with undernutrition in most developing nations including India. Objective of the study were to assess the determinants of maternal and child health, hygienic practice, health services for underweight and their association among apparently healthy children. Methods: The present study was hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 2019 to December 2019. The sample size calculated was 410, and accounting for 10% nonresponsive, the sample size calculated was 451. The data obtained were compiled and entered in MS-excel 2010 and analysed by using institutional SPSS (22.0). Results: Mother’s age at marriage <18 years belong to 68 (15.1%) children significantly low proportion as compared to marriage >18 years 383 (84.9%) including underweight 41 (22.5%) and mother’s age at child birth <18 years belong to 46 (10.2%) children significantly very low proportion in comparison to child birth >18 years including underweight 30 (16.6%). Birth weight <2.5 kg belongs to significantly 136 (30.1%) children including underweight 72 (39.8%) and significantly birth order >2 belong to 135 (29.9%) children including underweight 39 (21.6%). Exclusive breast feeding belongs to 149 (33.0%) children including underweight 62 (34.2%)Conclusions: Health education and its reinforcement especially in the area of maternal & child health care services is required.

Background: Undernutrition makes children in particular much more vulnerable to disease and death; around 45% of deaths among children up to 5 years of age are linked to undernutrition and these mostly occur in low and middle-income countries. Malnutrition increases health care costs, reduces productivity, and slows economic growth, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill-health. Objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age), sociodemographic profile and to determination of differences exist by gender.Methods: The present study was hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 2019 to December 2019. The sample size calculated was 410, and accounting for 10% nonresponsive, the sample size calculated was 451. The data obtained were compiled and entered in MS-excel 2010 and analysed by using institutional SPSS (22.0).Results: Male children 230 (51.0%) was observed higher proportion as compared to female children 221 (49.0%) and same preponderance difference was found among underweight children. Literate fathers belong to 332 (73.6%) children and illiterate fathers belong to 96 (53.0%) underweight children. literate mother belongs to highly significant 283 (62.8%) children and illiterate mothers belong to highly significant 105 (58.0%) underweight children. Majority of father occupation belongs to other type job 294 (65.2) whereas labour occupation mostly belongs to underweight children 109 (60.2%) highly significant and most of the housewives belong to normal children 361 (80.1%) and underweight children 119 (65.8%) highly significant.Conclusions: Health education on nutrition to parents would be beneficiary for underweight children.

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