There was an argument that native English teachers have many advantages than non-native English teachers and students preferred native to non-native teachers; however, the argument had to be assessed. Many researchers had been exploring students’ perceptions of native and non-native English teachers worldwide in formal education institutions. This study aimed to explore students’ perceptions of native and non-native English teachers in a non-formal education institution. This was a qualitative study based on a descriptive approach conducted using three instruments: close-ended questionnaire, semi-structured interview, and documentation. The study revealed that native and non-native English teachers had their own specific roles in the Indonesian context. Students needed native more than non-native teachers because the latter were bilingual having the same mother tongue as them, and they enabled a successful learning process because of the effective learning strategies they shared. Also, non-native teachers helped students deal with difficulties and challenges in their learning process.
Although there is evidence to suggest that frenotomy improves breastfeeding outcomes for tongue-tied (ankyloglossic) infants, less is known about the optimal timing of treatment. In this retrospective cohort study, the timing of frenotomy and its impact on infant and maternal factors were examined in 31 tongue-tied babies with breastfeeding difficulties in a hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. After frenotomy, all infants improved latching and mothers experienced a subjective improvement in nipple pain and breast engorgement. Frenotomy improved weight gain in infants regardless of type of tongue-tie (p = .001), but greater mean weight gains were achieved in tongue-tied babies who underwent early frenotomy (prior to Day 8) compared to babies who underwent late frenotomy (after Day 8; p = 0.002). Tongue-tie and frenotomy issues need to be addressed during the very first few days of an infant’s life to ensure optimal breastfeeding outcomes.
Breastfeeding is the best way to feed infants, but optimal milk transfer and weight gain depend on good latching. Tongue- and lip-tie can prevent successful latching and prevent adequate nutrition. Tongue- and lip-tied babies can either have slow weight gain (SWG) or failure to thrive (FTT). We examine the effect of a holistic supplementation regimen on tongue-tied babies with SWG and FTT. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 55 tongue- and lip-tied babies with SWG and FTT at KMC Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. All babies underwent frenotomy and received supplementation with formula (64%) or pasteurized donor breast milk, using either a modified lactation aid (78%) or the Medela Supplemental Nursing System (22%). All mothers received domperidone and acupuncture to improve milk supply. A majority of babies had type 3 tongue-tie (46%) and class 3 upper lip-tie. Twenty-five subjects (45%) had SWG, and 30 subjects (55%) had FTT. All mothers had low milk supply. At-the-breast supplementation improved the nutritional status of 44/55 subjects (80%,p< .001), whereas 11 subjects received early complementary feeding at 4 months of age. By the end of the study, all subjects were solely breastfed without at-the-breast supplementation. The holistic management of tongue- and lip-tied babies with SWG or FTT consisting of frenotomy, at-the-breast supplementation, domperidone, and acupuncture improved infant nutritional status and the mother’s milk supply. Babies could breastfeed without supplementation after treatment and gained weight.
Background: The World Health Organization has encouraged all facilities providing maternity services and care for newborn infants to adopt the “10 steps” of successful breastfeeding. This includes not giving artificial teats to breastfeeding infants because they may cause nipple confusion. We present a multimodal hospitalization protocol for infants with nipple confusion, a multimodal relactation method that supports breastfeeding couplets.Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of hospitalization as an intervention for nipple confusion.Method: Data related to nipple confusion in patients hospitalized between January and December 2012 at Kemang Medical Care, Jakarta, Indonesia, was reviewed. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between infant age and intervention outcomes.Results: There were 58 cases of nipple confusion during the study period. Most subjects (96.6%) totally rejected breast contact. Forty-six cases (79.3%) used bottles because of tongue-tie. The length of hospitalization varied from 1 (56.9%) to 5 days (3.4%). Fifty-three cases (91.4%) were able to successfully breastfeed using our protocol. Younger babies had greater breastfeeding success.Conclusion: Hospitalization for nipple confusion with multimodal management is effective for treating nipple confusion. Tongue-tie can lead to difficulties in initiating breastfeeding, and early introduction to artificial teats can lead to nipple confusion. Early detection and treatment is desirable.
Pandemic COVID-19 had limited teacher-students and student-student interactions in face-to-face classroom. Whereas, nursing students need to make many interactions to develop their English language proficiency for their professional life in the future. This research aimed to investigate nursing students’ perceptions toward instructional interactions in online classes of English for Nursing Course. The study was descriptive, in which a structured questionnaire and in-depth interview were employed to 40 nursing students. The results showed that many students agreed that online classes of English for Nursing created a new learning paradigm. They also agreed that the teacher played an important role to facilitate teacher-student and student-student interactions. Besides, learning media and internet connection facility helped them to find online classes attractive. Thus, the researchers suggested teachers of English for Nursing to play their role well in providing instructional interactions and attractive learning media. The availability of stabile connection also needs to be facilitated.
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