Abstract:Currently an international topic-not only among the members of the European Union-is the use of renewable energy, such as hydro power. The subject of this paper is the environmental impact assessment of the small hydropower (SHP) plant. The paper identifies the environmental impacts of an SHP plant in Spišské Bystré, Slovakia. It also assesses the alternatives to a specific hydraulic structure by quantitative evaluation from the point of view of character of the impacts, their significance, and their duration. The conclusion of the work includes the selection of the optimal alternative of the assessed construction and proposes measurements to reduce the negative impacts. The benefit of this paper is in highlighting the importance of assessing the impact of construction on the environment in the planning phase. Eliminating the negative impacts of the construction on the environment is much more challenging than the implementation of preventive measures, and it is therefore necessary to assess at the planning phase how the construction and operation of the proposed activities impact the environment.
The landscape has a wide range of uses. The current era encourages urbanism and rapid development of cities, but it is necessary to think and leave space for recreational use as well. The development of green spaces not only creates heat islands, but also degrades the recreational potential of the landscape. A vegetated environment is more pleasant to people than a concrete jungle. Water areas fulfil several functions, among which we can also include the recreational function. The use of water areas is also related to their protection. As more and more land is covered with impermeable surfaces, such as roads, buildings, and pavements, there is a reduction in the natural infiltration and percolation of rainwater into the soil. This results in increased surface runoff, which can cause flooding and erosion, and also leads to a decline in the groundwater recharge. Overall, the rapid pace of urbanization is taking a toll on the environment and its components. It is important to find ways to balance the need for development with the preservation of nature, in order to ensure a sustainable future.
Renewable energy – wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric, and biomass – provides substantial benefits for our climate, our health, and our economy. Each source of renewable energy has unique benefits. Generated electricity from renewable energy rather than fossil fuels offers significant public health benefits. Wind, solar, and hydroelectric systems generate electricity with no associated air pollution emissions and water. This statement is true when it comes to new construction. It should also take into account those buildings that are already built (often with many shortcom-ings). This paper deals with the assessment of the negative impacts of Small Hydropower Plant (SHPP) in eastern Slo-vakia, in the boundaries of the village Lukov. This is a SHPP built in the end 60’s as one of the first three -once (built in the former Czechoslovakia). The disadvantage of its construction is bypass channel, which causes significant or total reduction of water level on biologically important areas. In terms of biodiversity, it’s a serious concern mainly in the fish reproduction period. Dry river course is insurmountable obstacle for them. This results in their death caused by exhaustion and gradual extinction of natural reproduction in the area of interest. Paper contains a case study with variant solution of current situation.
The work highlights the modeling of water flow in open channels using 1D mathematical model HEC-RAS in the area of interest Lopuchov village in eastern Slovakia. We created a digital model from a geodetic survey, which was used to show the area of inundation in ArcGIS software. We point out the modeling methodology with emphasis to collection of the data and their relevance for determination of boundary conditions in 3D model of the study area in GIS platform. The BIM objects can be exported to the defined model of the area. The obtained results were used for simulation of flooding. The results give to us clearly and distinctly defined areas of inundation, which we used in the processing of Cost benefit analysis. We used the developed model for stating the potential damages in flood vulnerable areas.
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