Patients getting upkeep hemodialysis (HD) are at higher gamble for gaining Hepatitis B infection (HBV) and Hepatitis C infection (HCV) diseases than everybody. Thus, we meant to examine the occurrence and predominance of HBV and HCV contamination in the HD populace in a tertiary consideration clinic Jamnagar.All grown-up patients getting support HD (n=1667)were read up for quite some time (2019 and 2020). Testing for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hostile to HCV antibodies was performed at commencement of dialysis and each 3-6 months from that point. A review was done in view of information of serological testing of all CKD Patients.The middle period of patients was 60 years and 65% were male.1667 patients were concentrated on in which sero positive for HBV (0.83%) and HCV (hostile to HCV 2.57%). The predominance of HBV+HCV contamination differed broadly between HD focuses from 0% to 65.7% sero-positive patients were more youthful, made some more extended memories on dialysis and more past blood bondings. Imminent subsequent uncovered a rate of sero transformation of 0.35% during 1 year. Span of dialysis, more youthful age, and history of getting HD in one more place were altogether connected with sero-change.Patients on upkeep HD in tertiary consideration medical clinic, Jamnagar have a high frequency and predominance of HCV disease and lower paces of HBV contamination. The elements related with HBV and HCV diseases are exceptionally reminiscent of nosocomial transmission inside HD units. As end, we thus require sufficient improvement in contamination control estimates in Hemodialysis units in order to lessen reliance on blood bondings for the treatment of paleness.

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is among the most common forms of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. India is such country which is classified as the highest multi drug resistance burden overall. There is limited information available regarding the drug resistance patterns in TPE, especially from high burden countries. This can be due to difficulty in obtaining specimens and limited facilities for drug susceptibility testing. Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the culture positivity rate of tuberculous pleural effusion and detection of drug resistant pattern associated with it. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of 469 Pleural effusion samples from suspected patients from January 2020 to December 2021 at the TB Culture & Drug Susceptibility Laboratory attached to a tertiary care center, Jamnagar was done. Samples processed for CBNAAT followed by liquid culture. Positive culture isolates were checked for drug resistance in First Line-Line Probe Assay (for Rifampicin and Isoniazid) and Second Line- Line Probe assay (for Flouroquinolones and second line injectable drugs Amikacin, Capreomycin, Kanamycin). Results: Culture positivity rate was seen 7.03%. Among these, Rifampicin resistance was 9.09 % and isoniazid resistance was 12.1%. Resistance to Fluoroquinolones was 33.33% and no resistance seen to second line injectable drugs. No MDR-TB or XDR-TB detected in present study. Conclusion: In our present study we have found that there is an increase trend of resistance to Anti-TB drugs which needs atmost attention and necessary steps have to be taken in early diagnosis and in administration of drug therapy among the patients in whom pleural TB is being suspected. For this Novel molecular techniques can help in early diagnosis and treatment to prevent disease progression and amplification of resistance.

No abstract

Etiological link between cervical cancer & HPV is independent of other risk factors but their geographic variations need to be explored. Cervical cancer with profile of Sexually Transmitted Disease has consistent causal connection with persistent cervical HPV infection, so such carrier women are at High risk. Thus, study evaluate risk of HPV infection in women of Jamnagar region by exploring aetiological determinants related to their sexual life. Aim: To explore incidence of cervical HPV infection along with its association with cervical cancer as well with commonly proposed aetiological factors in adult women of Jamnagar Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2004 on random 110 women attending Gynecology out patient department of GG Hospital at MPSGMC Jamnagar by taking their cervical smear and administering them questionnaires about their sexual life. HPV infection was diagnosed based on cytopathic effects of HPV, by Microbiological staining techniques. Association of cervical HPV positive status of women in relation to common aetiological factors and carcinoma cervix were analyzed. Results: 10.9% of women exhibited cervical HPV infection out of them 20% belonged to higher age group (50-59 years) followed by 16.6% of young age group (20-29). 15.3% of women with HPV infection were having 6 -10 years of active married life. Accordingly 18.18% HPV infected women were multiparabearing 3 -4 children whereas nullipara had no HPV infection. 75% of women with carcinoma cervix were positive for cervical HPV which endorse strong causal connections. Conclusions: Study concludes that cervical HPV is prevalent in 10.9% adult women of Jamnagar region and is significantly attributable to cervical cancer. HPV positive woman have profile of sexually active life of initial years, early age at first coitus or had longer but active married life, so sexual transmission happens to be the predominant mode of HPV acquisition. Similarly, multiparity has aetiological association with positive cervical HPV. Study reflects women's HPV status at single point in time, so longitudinal observations are recommended. However, certain recommendations are made considering associated aetiological factors as guiding principle to derive HPV prevention strategy.

No abstract