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The Nipah virus (NiV) infection is a newly discovered viral zoonotic illness carried by bats. It was discovered for the first time in Malaysia 20 years ago, and since then, outbreaks have occurred in different regions of South and Southeast Asia. It is known to be a highly contagious virus that spreads through sick people or animals to the general populace. The virus exhibits a variety of clinical and epidemiological characteristics. For diagnosis and surveillance, several serological and molecular diagnostic methods have been established. Every time a new area is impacted, diagnosis and management become more challenging. As a result, illness prevention and public health protection present difficult challenges due to the proportionately growing global population. Improvements in diagnosis and very effective therapeutics/prophylactics are essential for the prevention of these infections. Every time an outbreak occurs, it is crucial that the regions upgrade their medical infrastructure and educational programmes. Long-term ecological effects of human activities, including our current methods of animal husbandry, which are a contributing factor in the emergence of a disease, must be a worry.

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