High level of NPAs leads to loss of income on one hand and on the other hand heavy provisioning requirements on NPAs leads to further erosion of already depleted profits. For any economy which is striving for achieving reasonable growth rate with the given resources, banking system acts as a blessing.. Now banks perform the major role of channelizing the surplus funds of surplus savings unit and providing it to the deficit saving units. Today NPAs have become major drawback for Indian Banking Industry. NPAs are highly unacceptable due to the issues faced in terms of lower profitability and capital erosion. Study sample conprises of 35 Indian Commercial Banks and study period covers past 12 financial years spanning between 2007-2018. Data collected through secondary source is subjected to Trend Analysis, one way ANOVA and Gabriel Post Hoc test. Two financial ratios are used namely Gross NPAs to Gross Advances and Net NPAs to Net Advances.The present research work shows that medium sized banks are incurring NPAs higher than small banks and large banks. Small banks are more efficient than medium and large banks and thus banks should not always favor the merger and expansion strategies. The study reveals that there is no significant difference exists in Gross NPA to Gross Advances and Net NPA to Net Advances of small, medium and large banks.The study does not supports "too big to fail" attitude and foreshadows that big size of banks may not always provide economies of scale. Thus the society should evaluate the financial position from every aspect before voting in favor of medium and large banks.
Hepatic hemangioma is a commonly encountered benign vascular tumour of liver during infancy. Acquired hypothyroidism is one of the rare manifestation of this entity. We report a 4-month-old infant born to a diabetic mother who developed acquired hypothyroidism not responding to treatment due to multiple hepatic hemangiomas. The mechanism behind is increased type 3 deiodinase activity due to hemangiomas of liver, which catalyses conversion of T4 to rT3 and T3 to T2. Hemangiomas were successfully treated with propranolol which lead to its regression and ultimately resulted in euthyroidism. Hence, screening for hepatic hemangioma should be done in all cases of congenital hypothyroidism not responding to thyroxine treatment. We also propose early initiation of treatment of hemangiomas with propranolol as the first line therapy to prevent growth retardation and intellectual loss.
X-linked lissencephaly, absent corpus callosum, and epilepsy of neonatal onset with ambiguous genitalia are the classical features of XLAG syndrome and as of now very few cases have been reported in the literature. In this study, we present the case of XLAG syndrome who presented in neonatal period with refractory seizures and ambiguous genitalia. MRI brain showed abnormal gyral pattern with smooth broad gyri suggestive of Lissencephaly and agenesis of corpus callosum. Our index case survived for only 25 days. Early suspicion, genetic counselling, and prenatal radiological work-up of such cases will reduce further burden on the family.
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