Background: Community-dwelling older adults lack opportunities for health care, health-related knowledge, participation in health care activities, and a sense of security. These all are some of the identified hindrances on Active-aging elderly living in the community. This study explores the fundamental elements of long-distance Happy-age education in terms of Active-aging in older adults living in the community. Methodology: An extensive literature search returned 443 studies. Of these, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria of a scientific investigation of the effectiveness of long-distance Happy age education programs, including fun exercise and laughter that contain appropriate elaboration on theoretical constructs and methods. Results: The qualitative assessment resulted that programs containing more fun-based interventions are effective regardless of the type of intervention. The effectiveness is also modulated by other variables such as the participant's education level, gender, current health status, and financial constraints. Conclusion: This review suggests that the level of the community-dwelling older adults have seemed to benefit from Thai Chi Rhythmic exercises and laughter exercises. More studies of this topic with older adult populations are needed to select the most convenient Happy-age education program that can improve the level of Active-aging and prolong life with happiness can be fulfilled.
Background: Active aging is define as older adults remaining active, connected, and contributing to society. To assess active aging in Pakistani elders, there is a scarcity of research tools to assess Active Aging levels in community-based older adults in Pakistan. Therefore, the aim of this study was to translate and validate the original English version of the Active Aging Scale into an Urdu version to measure active aging in community-based older adults in Pakistan. Methods: We followed the guidelines of the International Society of Pharmacy Economic and Outcome Research (ISPOR) to translate the scale. The first phase consists of translation processes; the second phase is all about the validity and reliability of the scale. Construct validity, concurrent validity, and reliability were established for a 160-person sample of community-based older adults. The finding of test-retest reliability was performed after a two-week interval on the remaining 30% of the sample. For concurrent validity, the Successful Aging Scale (SAS) Urdu version was used as the gold standard and applied at the same time on the same sample. Data were analyzed in SPPSS version 23, and AMOS version 23. Results: Our study pooled 29 items on the Active Aging Scale out of a possible 36. Two items were removed in the first process as not relevant to the context and two items that were not maintained inter-item covariance that is less than the value of 0.30 were removed. In the confirmatory factor analysis, three items with values below 0.40 in Varimax with Kaiser Normalization Rotation. Item loads ranged from 46 to 0.90, and were found to explain 65.42% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis of the AAS shows Chi-squared (X2/df = 2.24) as the degree of freedom is acceptable when <3.00 in model fit indices. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) is 0.042, the goodness of fit index (GFI) is 0.92, the adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) is 0.94, and the comparative fit index (CFI) values are 0.92 and 0.96, respectively, showing the good fit indices of the model. The test and retest reliability of the scale was significant (p=<0.05), and the Cronbach alpha of the scale is 0.92, which is reliable.
Background: There is considerable variation in the clinical manifestations of neonatal encephalopathy. It has been associated to early-onset neurological abnormalities and preterm or late delivery (before or after 35 weeks of gestation, respectively). Convulsions, coma, respiratory distress, slowed or halted breathing, slowed or halted reflexes, and depressed tone are all possible outcomes. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) among tertiary care hospital patients with a diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia. Contents and techniques: In Sawabi, Pakistan, researchers from the GKMC/BKMC Hospital surveyed the local population. Investigators gathered data from July 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021. The study comprised 80 babies diagnosed with perinatal hypoxia. Each newborn was evaluated using established screening criteria for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The average age was 2.5371.28 days for the participants in this research, which ranged in age from 1 to 10 days. The average duration of pregnancy was 37.6811.24 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 3.2750.35 kg. Seventy-five percent of all births were accomplished by vaginal delivery, while the remaining twenty-five percent were accomplished through caesarean section. Eight persons were diagnosed with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Tai chi is a well-known therapeutic slow-motion rhythmic exercise based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely practiced for health promotion in older adults. According to our knowledge, there is a scarcity of evidence, and Tai Chi practice is controversial to support that all styles of Tai Chi movements are safe or effective for those having physiological and musculoskeletal functional declines. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the randomized control trial studies to examine the effect of different types of Tai Chi (TC) exercises on physical and functional fitness in elders with physical and functional declines living in the community. We followed the PRISMA guide throughout the study. Of the 18 papers reviewed, we analyzed the risk of bias, quality, and methodology following PICO guidelines. We retrieved 18 scientific papers from the different webs of science and databases by selecting Bullion words and MESH items according to our objective. We scrutinized 866 research papers through our inclusion and exclusion criteria; only 18 papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria went through an extensive review. Tai Chi with its 24 styles is safe, improves joint mobility function, posture control, hemodynamic balance, and stabilizes body balance in the elderly with musculoskeletal conditions. It can be practiced by elders with chronic conditions living in the community, but style adjustment is required. Future studies are required to conduct more randomized control studies to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi exercises on biochemical level for those elders with other chronic health conditions.
Background Tai Chi augmented with self-induce laughter (SIL) might be an affordable and effective strategy to improve physical and psychosocial aspect of Active Aging among community-dwelling older adults with or without illness. However, research is required to evaluate the synergic effect of augmented TC for community-dwelling older adults and its outcomes. This research aims to critically assess the claimed advantages of Tai Chi exercise augmented with laughter therapy (TC)&(SILT) can improve physical, and psychosocial aspects of Active Aging in community based older adults. Methods researcher conducted an extensive literature search from different databases, and returned 1025 research papers. Searching strategies were followed. The time interval was fixed from 2015 to 2021 to minimize searched papers quantity. Only English language, randomized control trials, and quasi-experimental studies were selected due to novelty of the Tai chi in most of the countries. Only 11 papers met the inclusion criteria of our comprehensive review. Results The qualitative assessment resulted that programs containing more fun-based interventions are effective regardless of the type of intervention. The effectiveness is also modulated by other variables such as the participant's education level, gender, current health status, and financial constraints. Conclusion This review suggests that the Tai Chi movement blended with laughter could be an effective, feasible, and safe interventional strategy which has positive effects on physical and psychosocial health which of Active Aging status and overall well-being in healthy and non-healthy individuals in old age.
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