Background:Self-reactive antibodies are a characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]. These autoantibodies may attack any organ or tissue in the body causing organ failure. One class of anti-DNA antibodies, known as anti-DNA/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2 [anti-DNA/NR2] antibodies, also interacts with the NR2 subunit [anti-NR2] of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors [NMDARs]. Research suggests that anti-NMDAR antibodies contribute to the pathophysiology of SLE-related emotional and cognitive dysfunction.Objective:The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus in individuals with anti-DNA/N-methyl-Daspartate receptor 2 [NR2] antibodies.Methodology: 60 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls had serum samples taken. Anti-NR2 antibodies in the serum were tested using an ELISA kit.Results: The average serum anti-NR2 antibody level in SLE patients was 34.10 ng/ml, whereas the level in healthy controls was only 11.60 ng/ml with a statistically significant difference [P<0.001].Serum anti-NR2 can significantlydiscriminate between SLE patients and healthy subjects, with diagnostic ability at best cut off value 13.26 ng/ml with high sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion:Serum anti-NR2 can be used as a new biomarker for SLE.
Background: Mesotherapy involves the introduction of various therapeutic agents in microscopic quantity to the skin for various therapeutic applications. Phosphatidylcholine (PPC) increases the permeability of the adipocyte membrane and subsequent fat mobilization. Caffeine has an effect on adipocyte lipolysis via the inhibition of phosphoesterase, provoking an increase in adenosine mono phosphate (AMP), slow down lipogenesis (uptake of glucose and free fatty acids to synthesize triglycerides) and stimulate lipolysis. Our aim was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of phosphtidylcholine, caffeine and mesotherapeutic cocktail (Phosphatidylcholine, Organic silicium, L-Carnitine, Hyaluronic Acid, Sodium Pyruvate, Caffeine, Artichoke Extract, DMAE) in treatment of abdominal obesity. Patients and Methods: Low caloric diet, exercise and mesotherapeutic injection for abdominal subcutaneous fat: Phosphatidylcholine/Deoxycolate (PPC/DC) for group I, caffeine for group II, lipolytic cocktail for group III weekly for six weeks. Results: All groups showed statistically significant reduction regarding anthropometric measurements, ultrasonographic evaluation and lipid profile after treatment being highest in group III followed by group I followed by group II . Minimal side effects have been occurred except PPC group showed 50% local allergy. Conclusion: Mesotherapy is an effective method for adipolysis. Lipolysis cocktail allows the highest effect and the most safe drug for lipolysis.
Background:MicroRNAs serve a crucial role in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression, as well as in development and cellular activities. Differential miRNA expression patterns between osteoarthritis (OA) patients and healthy persons demonstrate the significance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of OA. miR-34a-5p affects biological activities such as p53-induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence, and its expression is markedly elevated in the plasma of patients with advanced primary knee osteoarthritis (KOA)Methods:The expression of miR-34a-5p in human plasma (n = 60) was measured using quantitative real-time PCR, all subjects were divided into two groups: Group (A): Forty primary KOA patients who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria .Group (B): Twenty healthy individuals. They were of the same age and gender as OA patients. Results:Our research demonstrated that miR-34a-5p expression is considerably elevated in the plasma of patients.Conclusion:Our study illustrates the function of miR-34a-5p in the pathogenesis and joint destruction of primary KOA.
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