Giardia was single celled microscopic protozoan parasites that cause enteric disease in human. Because of the impact on socio-economic development, especially in developing countries, it was included in the "Neglected Disease Initiative" of the World Health Organization. This work conducted to descript morphology of Giardia spp in different hosts, which is first study of its type in Basrah, Iraq. This work started from September 2012 till June 2013, through this period collected 2393 stool samples from human and cows. 727 out of 2393 were positive. By using golden standard microscopic methods for diagnosis. A selective 30 positive stool samples for each hosts, measured the dimensions of stages of Giardia. There is different measurement in dimensions of both two phases of Giardia.

The aim of this study is for assessment cattle giardiasis clinically. It is first time study in type done in Iraq. It was conducted from September 2012 until May 2013 throughout it collected 1049 fecal samples from cattle of various ages and of both sexes, collected randomly from different areas of the northern Basrah. About 322 positive cases have been recorded in cattle and the infection rate was 30.6%. 241 cases out of 322 showed clinical signs while 81 infected cows did not show clinical signs which are asymptomatic. The clinical examination data showed variety of presentation among symptoms and signs. The percent of symptomatic type was higher than the percentage of asymptomatic giardiasis in cattle. The study reported symptoms such as diarrhea, foul smelling stool, and flatulence, loss of appetite, elevated temperature, constipation and emaciation in different proportions. Keywords: Giardia, Diarrhea, Asymptomatic, Cattle.

G. lamblia was a binucleate flagellated protozoan parasite that infected the upper intestinal tract of human and many animal species. Giardiasis was the most frequently diagnosed water borne disease and the major public health concern of water utilities in the developed and developing nations. Water is an important vehicle for the transmission of Giardia to human and mammals. For identified the effect of chlorine on Giardia cyst. To detect viability of cyst in different chlorine concentration. To determine the threshold level of chlorine concentration that caused cyst destruction. Measure the pH, chlorine concentration, filtration processes and examined by zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation technique using. 50% of samples contain Giardia cysts which are untreated water sources. Cyst viability differs in different chlorine concentration in different period of time extend from few hours to more than twenty days. The extreme chlorine concentration which caused cyst destruction in hours is 1.5 mg/L.

<p>The aim of this article is to report unusual case of KS presenting in the patient with negative serology for AIDS. Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a rare entity. It is a vascular neoplasm mainly affecting the skin of the lower extremities. Although it is the most common neoplasm affecting patients with AIDS, sporadic cases in HIV-negative people have been reported but it is rare.  Here, we present a case of a non-auto immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) related KS. A 72 year-old male, Iraqi patient presented to our oncology outpatient’s unit in Al-Shafaa Oncology Center with multiple subcutaneous nodules. The diagnosis was based on histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the excised lesion, serology tests and imaging investigations. The patient had a 13-month history of a slowly progressing pigmented multiple lesions on the lower and upper extremities. The patient had visceromegaly as splenomegaly at the time of presentation. His serum was negative for the common types of viral infections including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) on routine serology. On general examination, the man look well, no pallor, no fever, no cachexia present and no jaundice. There are a multiple ill defined, irregular hyper-pigmented nodules to plaques were present on forearm, legs, feet and hands. The nodules and plaque was firm in consistency and was non-tender. The lesions were deep reddish to brownish in color. The size of the lesions were arranged from 0.5-1.5 cm. No scaling was evident. The patient was under treatment with chemotherapeutic regimen of Paclitaxel. </p>