Selective genotyping for a certain trait in individuals with extreme phenotypes contributes sufficient information to determine linkage between molecular markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this experiment an F 2 population, developed by crossing males from a broiler line with females from a layer line, was employed to detect QTL on chromosomes 3 and 5. Twenty-eight performance and carcass traits were measured in F 2 offspring, and phenotypic correlations between traits were calculated. Body weight at 42 days (BW42) presented the greatest positive correlations with most other traits, with correlation between body weights at 35 and 41 days, weight gain between birth and 35, 41 and 42 days, as well as weights of carcass and some body parts superior to 0.8. One hundred-and-seventy F 2 offspring, representing the top (4.5%) and the bottom (4.5%) of a normal distribution curve of BW42, were selected with equal proportions of males and females, and within dam family. Samples were genotyped for 19 informative markers on chromosome 3, and 11 markers on chromosome 5. Marker allelic frequencies of phenotypic groups with high and low BW42 were compared with a chi-square test. Four regions on chromosome 3 and three regions on chromosome 5 had markers that were suggestively associated with BW42 (P < 0.10), confirming and expanding previous studies. Key words: QTL, broiler, selective genotyping, body weight SELEÇÃO ESTRATÉGICA DE MARCADORES PARA DETECÇÃO DE LOCOS PARA CARACTERÍSTICAS QUANTITATIVAS EM AVESRESUMO: A genotipagem seletiva de indivíduos com fenótipos extremos para uma determinada característica contribui com informação suficiente para determinar a ligação entre marcadores moleculares e locos para características quantitativas (QTL). Neste estudo uma população F 2 , formada a partir do cruzamento de uma linha parental de aves para corte com uma linha de postura foi empregada para obtenção de medidas fenotípicas e genotipagem por marcadores microssatélites, posicionados nos cromossomos 3 e 5. Foram medidas 28 características de desempenho e carcaça e determinada a correlação fenotípica entre elas. A característica peso vivo aos 42 dias (BW42) apresentou maior correlação positiva com a maioria das características, com correlação entre pesos vivos aos 35, 41 dias, ganhos de peso do nascimento aos 35, 41 e 42 dias, e pesos de carcaça e partes superiores a 0,8. Cento e setenta aves F 2 , representando 4,5% das aves mais leves e 4,5% das mais pesadas para BW42 foram selecionadas dentro de famílias, na mesma proporção de machos e fêmeas e genotipadas para 19 marcadores informativos no cromossomo 3 e 11 no cromossomo 5. As freqüências alélicas dos marcadores nos grupos fenotípicos de alto e baixo BW42 foram comparadas empregando teste de qui-quadrado. Foram identificadas quatro regiões no cromossomo 3 e três regiões no cromossomo 5 sugestivamente ligadas a QTL para BW42 (P < 0,10), confirmando e expandindo estudos anteriores de mapeamento de QTL em aves.

A linkage map is essential not only for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, but also for the organization and location of genes along the chromosomes. The present study is part of a project whose major objective is, besides from construction the linkage maps, the whole genome scan for mapping QTL for performance traits in the Brazilian experimental chicken population. Linkage maps of chicken chromosomes 6 to 8, 11 and 13 were constructed based on this population. The population was developed from two generations of crossbreeding between a broiler and a layer line. Fifty-one microsatellite markers were tested, from which 28 were informative: 4, 8, 7, 4 and 5 for chromosomes 6, 7, 8, 11 and 13, respectively. A SNP located in the leptin receptor gene was included for chromosome 8. Ten parental, 8 F 1 and 459 F 2 chickens from five full-sib families were genotyped with these markers. The number of total informative meioses per locus varied from 232 to 862, and the number of phaseknown informative meioses from 0 to 764. Marker orders in the chromosomes coincided with those of the chicken consensus map, except for markers ADL0147 and MCW0213, on chromosome 13, which were inverted. The reduced number of phase-known informative meioses for ADL0147 (150) may be pointed out as a possible cause for this inversion, apart from the relative short distance between the two markers involved in the inversion (10.5 cM).

This paper presents an anthropometric data collection methodology to measure and identify the body measurements and shape of overweight and obese children, using 3D body scanning technology. The sample comprises of children residents in the North of Portugal between the ages of two and eleven, of both genders. The described procedure is part of an ongoing research linked to a project of the Doctoral Program in Textile Engineering at University of Minho, which aims to develop appropriate clothing, considering the anthropometrics and the ergonomics needs of the children from this specific population. The stages of data collection are presented. As a conclusion, considerations about the data collection points out some improvement opportunities and suggestions for similar studies.

No abstract

No abstract

The researches concerning the measurements of the human body in Brazil are still very few and the anthropometric data related with the Brazilian women is widely diversified due to some aspects such as the vastness of the country and a huge miscegenation of races. The results obtained through the utilization of a 3D body scanner were segmented into four categories, namely: age, region of origin, race and shape. The aim of this study is to provide more accurate and reliable measurements and information concerning the different types of body shapes for the clothing sizing systems directed to the industry specialized in the mass production of clothing, and, therefore, allow clothing to fit appropriately on the wearer's body in such a way as to make her more confident and satisfied with the clothing available in the market but also access higher levels of comfort.

No abstract

No abstract