Background:The aim was to electrophysiologically evaluate changes in the peripheral and central auditory systems in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 who underwent formal auditory training. Material and methods:The sample consisted of 6 individuals aged between 9 and 15 years. The procedures involved anamnesis, meatoscopy, brainstem auditory potentials and long-latency evoked potentials, and behavioral tests of central auditory processing. All individuals were given 9 weekly sessions of formal auditory training.Results: After therapeutic intervention we observed improved performance in auditory closure (p = 0.014) and figure-background discrimination for verbal sounds (p = 0.025). There were no significant changes in brainstem auditory evoked potentials. However, the P300 of the longlatency auditory evoked potential showed significant differences for the left ear in terms of latencies of waves N2 (p = 0.05) and P3 (p = 0.05) and the amplitude of N2-P3 (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Therapeutic intervention by means of formal auditory training is effective in rehabilitating central auditory processing disorder.There were improved responses in both behavioral and electrophysiological assessments, which were maintained for at least 4 months.
Background: Introduction: Type 1 neurofibromatosis occurs in 1 in every 3,000 individuals, representing 90% of cases of neurofibromatosis. Hearing impairments are not commonly described as an alteration resulting from the pathology; however, sensorineural hearing losses with retrocochlear characteristics may occur as a result of the presence of acoustic neurinomas.Objectives: To assess the electrophysiological and electroacoustic hearing characteristics of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1. Material and methods:We assessed 15 patients, 10 females and 5 males, aged between 9 and 31 years, using the following procedures: pure tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials.Results: All individuals presented auditory thresholds within normal limits. The mean amplitude of the general responses of otoacoustic emissions in the right and left ears were 11.8 and 12.8 dB, respectively; the suppression effect of otoacoustic emissions was present in 73.3% for the right ear and 66.7% for the left. For brainstem auditory evoked potentials, we obtained mean wave latencies for the right and left ears respectively of wave I: 1.83 and 1.80 ms, III: 4.08 and 4.15 ms, and V: 5.96 and 6.09 ms.Conclusions: Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 present auditory thresholds within normal limits, present transient otoacoustic emissions, the nonsystematic presence of the suppression effect of otoacoustic emissions and prolonged latencies in brainstem auditory evoked potentials.
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Purpose: to describe the audiological and otoacoustic emission findings in patients who had head and neck cancer and compare them with individuals without the disease. Methods: a comparative, cross-sectional, observational study encompassing two groups: Study: individuals with a history of head and neck cancer, submitted to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy; Control: individuals without the disease. The sample comprised 23 individuals in each group, matched for age and gender. Procedures in which the groups were compared: meatoscopy; pure-tone threshold and high-frequency audiometry; speech audiometry; transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions. Statistical tests: Pearson’s chi-square; Fisher’s exact; two-proportion Z-test; Wilcoxon; Mann-Whitney; Student’s t-test. Results: the comparison between the groups revealed statistically significant differences at the 3, 6, 8, 10, and 12.5 kHz frequencies in the pure-tone threshold audiometry, with better pure-tone auditory thresholds in the control group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in the otoacoustic emissions regarding the general response and frequency band. Conclusion: individuals with a history of head and neck cancer had higher pure-tone auditory thresholds than their controls, especially at the higher frequencies. This evidences the deleterious effect of ototoxicity on the peripheral auditory system of adults. The otoacoustic emissions were similar in the two groups.
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