RESUMEL'eau est une ressource naturelle precieuse et essentielle pour de multiples usages, mais sa qualité est confrontée à plusieurs problèmes dont la pollution liées aux actvités anthropiques, d'où la nécessité de contribuer à l'amélioration de la qualité de l'eau de consommation. Ainsi, une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique, qui a porté sur 162 ménages choisis de façon aléatoire, a été réalisé afin d'avoir une idée sur les risques sanitaires liés à l'eau de consommation. Mots clés : Eau de forage, eau de puits, aspects socio-sanitaire, qualité hygiénique, Togo.Health risks related to sources of drinking water in district n°2 of Lomé-commune: case of Adakpamé neighborhood ABSTRACT Water is a valuable and essential natural resource for many uses, but its quality is confronted with several problems, including pollution linked to anthropogenic activities, hence the need to contribute to improving the quality of drinking water. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 162 randomly selected households was carried out in order to get an idea of the health risks associated with drinking water. Wells and boreholes water samples (15 wells and 10 boreholes) were collected and analyzed using the standardized routine methods described by French Association for Standardization. The results showed that no household has a drinking water supply network. Of those whose source water is from boreholes and wells, O. Y. SOKEGBE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2341-2351, 2017 2342 94.74% drink boreholes water and 56.86% drink well water. The majority of households treat water before consumption and chlorination is the most commonly used mode of treatment. On households with both a water source and a latrine, 62.96% of households have latrines within 15 meters of the water source. The microbiological analyses showed that the water samples analysed are contaminated to varying degrees by the microorganisms selected by the criteria. Total germs and coliforms resulted in high levels of non-compliance. Appropriate measures shall be taken for the disinfection of such waters before their use.
Purpose: The use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has greatly promoted the intensification of animal production in recent decades. However, the improper use of these veterinary antibiotics causes their residues to be present in foodstuffs of animal origin and thus creates public health issues. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the impact of the presence of antibiotic residues on bacteriological quality of meat and chicken eggs in Togo.Methodology: a survey was carried out among hundred chicken farmers in six markets in the city of Lomé. Then, AFNOR's routine method and the rapid Test method (Premi test) were used to assess the bacteriological quality and the presence of antibiotics in Chicken meats (54 samples) and eggs (36 samples). The statistical analysis is done with software SPSS v25.Results: The results of surveys of our operators have shown that broilers and laying hens are the most represented in the six markets. None of the interviewees ever received any training in biosecurity, food security and good hygiene practice. Out of 90 samples analyzed, 18.89% are positive for antibiotic residues with 99.51% of correlation between antibiotic residues and origin of the sample (p<0.05). Regarding microbiological quality, 16,7% (13/78) of compliance sample are positive to antibiotic residues and 33.3% (4/12) of no compliance sample are positive for antibiotic residues with 92.91% of correlation between microbiology quality and antibiotics residues (p <0.05).Conclusion: The presence of antibiotic residues in the chicken meat and eggs influence the detection of microorganisms. This leads to a food security problem in Togo.
According to the latest SDG recommendations, guidelines on access to safe drinking water have enabled the construction of boreholes in remote areas of developing countries. In Togo, particularly in the savannah region where access to drinking water remains a major problem for the population, many boreholes have been built for this purpose. The objective of this study is to evaluate the bacteriological quality of the waters of some boreholes built in four (04) prefectures of the savannah region in Togo. A total of 68 samples of drilling water intended for human consumption were collected between January and February 2019 for bacteriological analysis. These analyses were carried out according to the standardized routine methods of the French Association for Standardization (AFNOR). The parameters sought or counted in these samples are those retained by the 2007 European Union criteria for water intended for human consumption. The analysis reveal that the samples of borehole water are at 50% and 90% of unsatisfactory hygienic quality respectively compared to the Total Coliforms (CT) and the Total Aerobic Mesophilic Flora (FAMT) which are indicative germs of hygiene failure. The correlation of the germs sought made it possible to distinguish two groups of indicators of contamination: those responsible for hygiene failures and old fecal contamination (ASR) Conclusion: Since the majority of the borehole water analyzed is contaminated by germs indicating hygiene deficiencies, adequate treatment of these waters and monitoring of their quality are necessary in order to protect the population of the savannah region against probable diseases linked to faecal contamination germs.
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