From the leaves and twigs of Leptadenia reticulata hentriacontanol, or-amyrin, B-amyrin, and stigmasterol were isolated a n d identified. Further two flavones diosmetin and luteolin were isolated and chararterised by chemical and spectral methods.Leptadenia reticulata W . & A . (Asclepiadaceae) is a branched nvining shrub commonly found in hedges. The plant was reported to be stimulant and restorative and useful in skin affections and wounds. Intravenous administration of aqueous extract of stems was reported to possess pronounced and prolonged hypotensive action. The plant was clinically tested and found useful in the treatment of habitual abortion in women. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were also studied (Wealth of India, 1962;CHOPRA et al., 1969). An extract of Leptadenia reticulata and Bryonia patens was reported to have lactogenic properties (NARA-SIMHAMURTHY, 1969).The whole plant excepting the leaves was examined and reported to contain waxes, stigmasterol and y-sitosterol (BHASKARARAMAMURTY and SESHADRI, 1944). A polysaccharide, composed largely of fructose units, was isolated Prom the tubers of the plant (MUKHERJEE and SRIVATSAVA, 1951). Quercetin and its glycosides isoquercetrin, rutin and hyperoside and meso-inositol and its monomethyl ether, and y-sitosterol were reported from the follicles (SUBRAMANIAN and NAIR, 1968). In this communication we are presenting the results of our investigations on the leaves and twigs of Leptadenia reticulata.The powdered plant material was extracted successively with petroleum ether, benzene, acetone and methanol. During concentration of the petroleum ether extract a whire solid separated which on crystallisation yielded substance A. Strbstance A, white shining plates, m.p. 86' analysed for the formula C91H640 and showed I.R. bands at 3300,2860, 1470, 1058,730 and 721 cm-'. It formed a monoacetate, m.p. 73-74'. These properties suggested that it could be hentriacontanol and the identity was confirmed by mixed melting point. Downloaded by: University of British Columbia. Copyrighted material.
From the leaves and twigs of T r a c h e l o s p e r m u m f r a g r a n s /I-amyrin, B-sitosterol, ursolic acid, /I-sitosterol-D-glucoside were isolated and identified. Further quercetin, hyperin, quercitrin and a flavanonol glycoside, astilbin, were also isolated and identified by chemical and spectra! methods.
e n k a t a R a o and E. V e n k a t a R a o Notonia grandiflora D C (syn: N. corymbosa DC) (Compositae) is a shrub with pale yellow flowers, The stems and leaves are fleshy. The plant is used as a remedy for pimples. It is supposed to be a remedy for hydrophobia though its efficacy has not been established [I]. N o work has been reported on this plant so far. We are. presenting in this communication the results of our chemical investigations.From the alcoholic extract of the fresh leaves, after fractionation and chromatography five crystalline substances (A, B, C, D and E) were isolated. Substance A, pale yellow needles, m. p. 188-190°, analysed for the formula C27H3901Q and showed colour reactions characteristic for flavonoids. Hydrolysis with 5% sulphuric acid yielded an aglycone, characterised as kaempferol (from its m. p., spectral properties, analysis and its derivatives), and L-rhamnose identified by paper chromatography. They were found to be in the molar ratio oi 1: 2. A greenish yellow precipitate with lead acetate and a colourless solution in zirconium-citric acid test suggested that 3-hydroxyl of kaempferol bears a sugar residue. Methylatioil of substance A with diazomethane gave a dimethyl ether which on hydrolysis with acid yielded 5,4'-di-0-methyl kaempferol. The formation of 5,4'-di-0-methyl kaempferol proved that the two sugar residues are attached to two different hydroxyls viz. CS and C,.The U. V. spectrum of substance A had h max at 347 and 265 mp shifting to 349 and 396 my on addition of aluminium chloride solution. Addition of sodium acetate caused no shift in the U. V. spectrum wh.ere as sodium ethylate induced a shift of the 347 mp Band to 395 mp. Thus the U. V. data confirmed that the sugar residues in the glycoside are at 3 and 7 positions of kaempferol and that the 5 and 4' hydroxyls are free [2]. Thus substance A was proved to be kaemp-
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