Nanocrystalline Mn substituted CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (MCFNPs) were synthesized using urea and egg white. The effects of heat treatment on crystal structure and magnetic properties have been studied using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The single-phase cubic spinel structure of as synthesized MCFNPs was recognized from XRD profile. There are some impurity peaks in the annealed samples, which are the decomposition of the ferrites at higher annealing temperatures to the α-Fe2O3 phase. The crystallite size and Lattice parameter of the samples increases with annealing temperature. The crystallite sizes of the MCFNPs were found in the range ~10 to 55 nm. The morphology and particle size of the sample (annealed at 900 ℃) have been recorded through SEM and TEM. The secondary non-magnetic impurity phase influences the magnetic nature of the samples. The saturation magnetization (Ms) decreases at a temperature of 600 ℃ due to the presence of non-magnetic α-Fe2O3 phase. The surface / near-surface chemical states of the 900 °C annealed MCFNPs were analyzed using XPS within a range of 0-1000eV binding energies.
Cadmium oxide nanostructures were prepared utilising a noval microwave irradiated wet chemical technique with sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate as the surfactant and two distinct co-reagents (NH3 and NaOH). XRD, and FTIR were used to examine the microstructural properties of synthesised and heat-treated (300°C) CdO nanostructures. As prepared and annealed smaples, the fluctuation of crystallite size and morphology of CdO nanostructures with different co-reagents was investigated. The average crystallite size of the samples was 11.4 to 17.8 nm for the NH3 reagent and 9.7 to 16.8 nm for the NaOH reagent.
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