Abstract:The earthworm genus Eukerria kuekenthali (Michaelsen 1908) is recorded for the first time from the Sikkimese soil. Inter/ intra specific variations have not been observed. Altitude plays a vital role in the distribution pattern of this species. The photographic descriptions with illustrations are provided.
The study of the flood-waters revealed that the breach of irrigation channels due to heavy downpour, triggered the floods, as the first flood-waters largely contained characteristic riverine fauna . Later on, the riverine fauna was outnumbered by pond fauna indicating the overflow from ponds, adding to the amount of flood-waters. The flood-waters play a significant role in the distribution of animals in general and vectors in particular . The chief vectors included Cyclops, Lymnaea, Planorbis and five genera of fishes . Pockets of stagnant flood-water provide a breeding ground for mosquitoes to create a future nuisance . The faunal study of flood-waters offers a proof to their origin, which otherwise requires a manual survey .
When newly emerged and 24‐hour‐old male flesh flies Sarcophaga ruficornis (Fabr.) were fed on food containing 1.5% thiourea for 24 h, there was a small decrease in the size of the testes in both cases. Disturbance in spermatogenesis and histopathological damage were also observed in both cases. However, in the newly emerged flies the effect was mainly on secondary spermatocytes and spermatids, while in the others the effect was more pronounced on spermatogonia. The reproductive performance in respect of the production of larvae was considerably diminished in the newly emerged treated flies and was even further diminished in flies that were 24 h old when treated. The rate of adult emergence, however, remained unaffected for both kinds.
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