Increasing water productivity with improving and enhancing agriculture practices becoming biggest target of worldwide country especially in developing country i.e. Egypt .Simulation models, such as the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) Crop System Models are often used to characterize, develop and assess field crop production practices. In this study, one of the DSSAT Cropping System Model; CERES-Maize was employed to characterize maize (Zea mays) yield, water use and nitrogen uptake at Sids, Beni Swief Governorate condition in Middle Egypt ( Lat. 29º 04' N, Long. 31º 06' E and 30.40 m above the mean sea level). A field experiment was conducted including three water regimes (irrigating at 100%, 85% and 70% of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and three nitrogen levels (216, 288 and 360 kg N/ha).After success model calibration with data collected from two distinct growing seasons (summer 2013-2014 ) ,the model was used to predict the grain yield, ET crop and N uptake. Then, validation was done and, results showed high correlation between simulated versus observed data with values of correlation coefficient (R 2 ) ranged between 0.92 and 0.99. Running simulation showed that increasing soil water content increased simulated grain yield and ET crop while N uptake was not effected by increasing soil water. Yield was positively affected by increased N-level and maximum simulated values were obtained at 336 kg N/ha but the ET crop increase was limited due to increase N levels. These outcomes indicate that such model can be used to improve our understanding of the effects of irrigation and N fertilizer management practices on maize yield especially if the long-term irrigation and fertilizer management practices strategy have been adopted under study region conditions.
A field experiment was executed during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 at Giza Agriculture. Research. Station to identify the most effective coefficient of daily pan evaporation accumulation selected from (1.25,1.00 and 0.75) evaporation pan coefficient (EPC) in scheduling irrigation for wheat cultivar Sakha 93 under three sowing date at 20 th November (S1) , 10 th December (S2) and 30 th December (S3) in order to evaluate best sowing date to maximize crop and water productivity. The number of applied irrigations and water consumptive use (CU) were increased as the value of EPC increased and, CU differed significantly due to sowing date , with plant sown in10thDecember consumed more water than the other sowing date. The lowest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) was recorded under 1.25 EPC comparable to the other tested EPC values and values of WUE differed due to sowing date, which the S1 gave the lowest WUE while S3 obtained the highest value. The plant height, grain weight spike-1 , grain weight m-2 and 1000-grain weight were significantly affected due to the adopted irrigation regimes and generally, tended to increase as EPC increased. Grain and straw yields tended to increase with increasing EPC. The highest grain yield was obtained with 1.25 EPC and was lower with the other EPC treatments particularly with straw yield. All of agronomic yields and yield components were increased when wheat crop planted in 10 th December and decreased with delaying sowing date. The maximum values of yields and their components were given by planted wheat cultivar Sakha 93 in10 th December and irrigating when pan evaporation accumulation rech1.25 EPC.
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