Numerous cases of sarcoidosis, but few cases of well-documented laryngeal involvement, have been reported in the pediatric literature. Isolated laryngeal involvement is a most unusual presentation of sarcoidosis. Such a case is reported here, along with a review of laryngeal sarcoidosis in the pediatric population. Differential diagnosis, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options are discussed. Intralesional steroid injection provides local therapy with fewer complications than systemic steroids.
SummaryThis study assessed a tried, but previously unpublished, method of internal jugular vein cannulation in 50 patients scheduledfor elective cardiac surgery. The method involves using two landmarks: the larynx (thyroid and cricoid cartilages) together with the carotid artery (if it is palpable). The cricoid and thyroid cartilages were readily identiJable in 48 (96%) patients. The carotid artery was palpable in 45 (90%) patients, although some d@culty in palpation was recorded in 24 (48%) patients. There was a 98% success rate of venous cannulation. In 90% of cases the 21 gauge seeker needle entered the vein on the first or second attempt, and in 82% of cases the subsequent 18 gauge introducing needle entered the vein on thejirst attempt.
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