Background Dental caries initiates with non-cavitated enamel lesions as the first stage. The cariogenic potential of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) may be due to its usage frequency and form. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of exposure time of NAC on initial enamel caries-like lesions in primary teeth by assessing the morphological alteration using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mineral content using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Methods Forty primary incisor teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups S, S1, S2, and S3 (10 specimens/group). Teeth crowns were cut from their roots and inserted into an acrylic mold with its buccal surface directed upward. Centrally isolated enamel window (2 × 2 mm) on the tooth was done. Ten specimens were selected to evaluate normal enamel while the remaining thirty specimens were immersed in demineralizing solution for 96 h to produce enamel caries-like lesions. PH cycling was performed by immersing each tooth sample in 20 mL of demineralizing solution for 3 h then, preserved for the remaining day hours in 10 ml of artificial saliva interspersed with treatments applications with 10 ml NAC for 10 min twice a day for one- or three-months different treatment modalities. Thermocycling was done for all specimens then they were subjected to SEM and EDX analysis. ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were utilized in data analysis. Results In teeth treated by NAC for 3 months (group-S3), SEM images showed severe loss of enamel architecture with large NAC deposits detected. A meaningful difference was observed among different groups concerning calcium, phosphorus, fluoride, ca/P ratio, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen contents (P < 0.05). Conclusion NAC had a detrimental impact on enamel caries-like lesions in human primary teeth.
Background: Thymoquinone (TQ), an active component of Nigella sativa, has been shown to reduce tumor growth in oral cancer models. However, toxicity at high doses with poor water solubility limits its usage as a therapeutic agent. Nanoformulations were introduced to overcome these problems. Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different nanothymoquinone (NTQ) concentrations on the chemically-induced epithelial dysplasia of the hamster buccal pouch. Materials and Methods: NTQ was prepared to improve the effectiveness of TQ. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the particle diameter between 6 to 15 nm. Clinical observations, histopathological alterations and complete blood count were used to investigate the effect of TQ and NTQ on severe oral epithelial dysplasia induced on hamsters' buccal pouches by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Animals received DMBA, three times weekly for six weeks then were treated with intraperitoneal injection of TQ (0.1 mg/kg) or different concentrations of NTQ (0.1, 0.05, 0.025 and 0.01 mg/kg) three times per week for another 6 weeks. Results: TQ and higher concentrations of NTQ had higher anti-tumor activity towards the severe epithelial dysplasia. The best result was with NTQ 0.1mg/kg concentration. Conclusion: NTQ is a promising candidate in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy as well as striated muscle regeneration.
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) shows unsatisfied survival rate which remains not changed over the last years. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a phytochemical, and many studies proved its promising therapeutic effect against OSCC. Gold nanorod (GNR) is a photothermal agent, has an efficient near-infrared heat conversion and induces ablation of solid tumors. The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy can enhance synergistic effects that markedly exceed the sum of individual treatments alone. Aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined photothermal and nano chemotherapy in treatment of induced oral squamous cell carcinoma in hamsters. Material and Methods:In the present study, the combined drug GNR/NTQ loaded on (poly) (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was prepared. The targeting agent, folate or folic acid (FA), was conjugated to the prepared nanoparticles. The therapeutic activity of the drug against chemically-induced OSCC in hamster buccal pouches was evaluated by clinical observations, tumor volume analysis, histopathological alterations and blood analysis. Results: The combined drug (GNR/NTQ/PLGA/FA/laser) had the highest therapeutic activity compared to individual treatments. It significantly ablated
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.